Research Article
Episodic Cancer Pain: Patient Reporting, Prevalence, and Clinicodemographic Associations at Initial Cancer Pain Clinic Assessment
Table 4
Psychosocial assessment of participants in relation to their breakthrough pain status.
| | Characteristic | Breakthrough paina | All patients | value | | Absent n = 231 (%) | Present n = 140 (%) | Total n = 371 (%) |
| | History of chronic depression | 13 (5.6) | 9 (6.4) | 22 (5.9) | 0.752 | | History of drug or alcohol abuse | 46 (19.9) | 40 (28.6) | 86 (23.2) | 0.055 | | Positive single question screening | | Are you depressed? | 160 (69.3) | 107 (76.4) | 267 (72.0) | 0.136 | | Are you anxious? | 148 (64.1) | 105 (75.0) | 253 (68.2) | 0.028 | | Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) | | HADS-Anxiety score > 7 | 156 (67.5) | 106 (75.7) | 262 (70.6) | 0.094 | | HADS-Depression score > 7 | 167 (72.3) | 113 (80.7) | 280 (75.5) | 0.068 | | Emotional thermometer (ET) | | ET-Distress > 3 | 123 (53.3) | 85 (60.7) | 208 (56.1) | 0.160 | | ET-anger > 3 | 128 (55.4) | 88 (62.9) | 216 (58.2) | 0.159 | | ET-help desired > 3 | 129 (55.8) | 80 (57.1) | 209 (56.3) | 0.807 |
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aStudy-defined, based on history and on BPI scores.
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