Research Article
Incidence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Marathon Runners
Table 2
Summary of risk factors for LBP in marathon runners.
| Risk factors | Non-LBP N = 764 | LBP (%) N = 36 | Total (%) N = 800 | value | Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) |
| Running groups | Full marathon | 314 (41.1) | 21 (58.3) | 335 (41.9) | 0.044 | Half marathon | 450 (58.9) | 15 (41.7) | 465 (58.1) |
| Foot strike patterns | Forefoot (main) | 396 (51.8) | 21 (58.3) | 417 (52.2) | 0.139 | Rear heel (main) | 268 (35.1) | 13 (36.1) | 281 (35.1) | Forefoot (only) | 15 (2.0) | 1 (2.8) | 16 (2.0) | Full foot | 41 (5.4) | 0 (0) | 41 (5.1) | Not clear | 44 (5.7) | 1 (2.8) | 45 (5.6) |
| Warm-up activities | Enough | 648 (84.8) | 21 (58.3) | 669 (83.6) | <0.001 | Not enough | 116 (15.2) | 15 (41.7) | 131 (16.4) |
| Strength | Enough | 636 (83.2) | 23 (63.9) | 659 (82.4) | 0.004 | Not enough | 128 (16.8) | 13 (36.1) | 141 (17.6) |
| Fatigue | Yes | 123 (16.1) | 15 (41.7) | 138 (17.3) | <0.001 | No | 641 (83.9) | 21 (58.3) | 662 (82.7) |
| Shoe types | Slow shaking | 365 (47.8) | 17 (47.2) | 382 (47.8) | 0.664 | Controlling | 64 (8.4) | 4 (11.1) | 68 (8.5) | Stabilising | 217 (28.4) | 12 (33.3) | 229 (28.6) | Sprinting | 24 (3.1) | 1 (2.8) | 25 (3.1) | Not clear | 94 (12.3) | 2 (5.6) | 96 (12.0) |
| Running gait posture | Good | 669 (87.6) | 25 (69.4) | 694 (86.7) | 0.003 | Bad | 95 (12.4) | 11 (30.6) | 106 (13.3) |
| Previous injuries | Yes | 49 (6.4) | 3 (8.3) | 52 (6.5) | 0.649 | No | 715 (93.6) | 33 (91.7) | 748 (93.5) |
| Temperature | Comfortable | 758 (99.2) | 33 (91.7) | 791 (98.9) | 0.001 | Uncomfortable | 6 (0.8) | 3 (8.3) | 9 (1.1) |
| Site environment | Adapted | 748 (97.9) | 34 (94.4) | 782 (97.7) | 0.189 | Unadapted | 16 (2.1) | 2 (5.6) | 18 (2.3) |
| Psychology | Affected | 7 (0.9) | 1 (2.8) | 8 (1.0) | 0.298 | Unaffected | 757 (99.1) | 35 (97.2) | 792 (99.0) |
| Other aspects | Yes | 30 (3.9) | 1 (2.8) | 31 (3.8) | 0.728 | No | 734 (96.1) | 35 (97.2) | 769 (96.2) |
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Non-LBP: non-low back pain; LBP: low back pain. . |