Use of Intravenous Paracetamol Preoperatively Favors Lower Risk of Delirium and Functional Recovery in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Table 4

The association of pain scores (VAS and NRS) with gender, age, BMI, residence, smoking or drinking history, fracture type, ASA, mECM, Hb level at admission, GDS, FIM, and anxiety.

Variables	VAS at admission	value	NRS at admission	value
Gender	−0.011	0.595	−0.004	0.836
Age	0.002	0.917	0.003	0.874
Age group	0.002	0.915	0.004	0.863
BMI	0.003	0.895	−0.002	0.924
Residence	−0.095	<0.001	−0.087	<0.001
Smoking history (Yes)	0.209	<0.001	0.201	<0.001
Drinking history (Yes)	0.262	<0.001	0.292	<0.001
Fracture type	0.015	0.474	0.015	0.497
ASA	0.008	0.726	0.010	0.638
mECM	−0.007	0.750	−0.004	0.863
Hb level at admission	0.025	0.242	0.024	0.263
GDS	−0.157	<0.001	−0.166	<0.001
FIM	−0.088	<0.001	−0.099	<0.001
Anxiety	0.010	0.644	0.020	0.348

, statistical significance. VAS, visual analog scores; NRS, numerical rating scores; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; mECM, modified Elixhauser’s Comorbidity Measure; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; FIM, functional independence measure.