Effect of Preventive Analgesia with Nalbuphine and Dexmedetomidine in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Table 2

Hemodynamic values.

Measurement time		Group N	Group DN	Group C
HR values	T1	72.84 ± 1.48	72.59 ± 1.48	73.34 ± 1.48
	T2	85.41 ± 0.80^a	74.78 ± 0.80^ab	93.47 ± 0.80
	T3	84.53 ± 0.69^a	74.84 ± 0.69^ab	91.63 ± 0.69
	T4	82.69 ± 0.79^a	75.22 ± 0.79^ab	91.16 ± 0.79
	T5	77.66 ± 1.01^a	71.56 ± 1.01^ab	81.28 ± 1.01
MAP values	T1	92.38 ± 1.01	93.22 ± 1.01	91.75 ± 1.01
	T2	102.56 ± 0.84^a	94.66 ± 0.84^ab	111.28 ± 0.84
	T3	103.47 ± 0.89^a	94.75 ± 0.89^ab	111.97 ± 0.89
	T4	102.78 ± 0.91^a	94.81 ± 0.91^ab	116.34 ± 0.91
	T5	97.72 ± 1.02^a	94.19 ± 1.02^ab	102.75 ± 1.02

Values are presented as mean ± SD. HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; group N, preoperative nalbuphine injection; group DN, preoperative nalbuphine combined with dexmedetomidine injection; group C, preoperative saline injection. compared with T1 in the same group; ^a compared with group C; b compared with group N.