Pain Prevalence and Management in an Internal Medicine Setting in Italy

Table 2

Clinical parameters, Charlson index score, comorbidities, mean duration of hospital length-of-stay (LOS), and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) recorded on admission and discharge in patients with and without significant pain.

	NRS<3	NRS≥3	𝑃
Number of cases (%)	195 (37.2)	329 (62.8)
Age (years)	75.5±13.9	72.9±14.5	0.038
LOS (days)	7.3±6.8	7.9±6.1	0.048
Charlson index	5.27±3.0	6.21±4.1	NS
NRS at admission	0.04±0.4	4.65±2.05	<0.001
NRS at discharge	0.01±0.14	0.89±1.3	<0.001
Reduction in NRS during admission	0.03±0.43	3.76±2.11	<0.001
Cancer disease	20 (10.2%)	89 (26.8%)	<0.0001
Heart disease	53 (27.1%)	122 (36.8%)	0.027
Pulmonary disease	38 (19.5%)	85 (25.6%)	NS
Vascular disease	32 (16.4%)	96 (29%)	0.001
Musculoskeletal disease	16 (8.2%)	70 (21.1%)	<0.001
Neurological disease	30 (15.2%)	65 (19.6%)	NS
Cutaneous disease	3 (1.5%)	17 (5.1%)	NS
Renal disease	22 (11.2%)	55 (16.6%)	NS
Metabolic disease	14 (7.1%)	41 (12.3%)	NS
Hepatic disease	7 (3.5%)	40 (12%)	0.001
Biliary disease	17 (8.7%)	80 (24.1%)	<0.001
Pancreatic disease	4 (2%)	12 (3.6%)	NS
Gastric disease	13 (6.6%)	50 (15.1%)	0.003
Bowel disease	10 (5.1%)	46 (13.8%)	0.001
Recent surgery history	6 (3%)	36 (10.8%)	0.001