Review Article

Perioperative Multimodal Anesthesia Using Regional Techniques in the Aging Surgical Patient

Table 5

Cardiovascular system changes in the elderly.

(i) Reduced exercise tolerance
(ii) Loss of vascular elasticity (e.g., LVH and hypertension)
(iii) Chronic blood pressure elevation and decreased baroreceptor sensitivity
(iv) Increase in coronary arteriosclerosis
(v) Valvular heart disease