Open versus Laparoscopic Surgery: Does the Surgical Technique Influence Pain Outcome? Results from an International Registry

Table 2

Frequencies, mean, SD, and significant difference for type of surgery.

Item	Open surgery			Laparoscopic surgery			Mann-Whitney test
		M	SD		M	SD	value
Worst pain^1	404	5.08	2.91	142	5.56	2.55	0.131
Least pain^1	403	1.61	1.72	141	1.97	1.74	0.012
Pain interfering with activities in bed^2	385	4.75	3.05	135	5.04	3.03	0.345
Pain interfering with activities out of bed^2	261	3.93	3.00	117^§	4.27	2.94	0.261
Being anxious^3	399	2.23	2.91	139	2.55	2.97	0.207
Being helpless^3	396	2.13	2.95	134	2.40	3.14	0.475
Being satisfied with the result of pain treatment^4	380	8.29	2.03	136	8.04	2.00	0.076

0 = no pain to 10 = worst pain possible; ²0 = did not interfere to 10 = completely interfered; ³0 = not at all to 10 = extremely; ⁴0 = extremely dissatisfied to 10 = extremely satisfied.
Lower total because this item was scored only by the patients that had been out of bed.
⁢.