Liposome Bupivacaine Compared to Plain Local Anesthetics to Reduce Postsurgical Pain: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Figure 3

Primary outcome. Meta-analysis evaluating the effect of liposome bupivacaine on postoperative pain (a) and opioid consumption (b) compared to control at 24 hours following surgery. The overall effect of liposome bupivacaine versus control was estimated as a random effect. In part (a), the point estimate (95% confidence interval) for the overall effect was -0.50 (-1.37 to 0.37) (P=0.26) (0-10 numerical scale). In part (b), the point estimate (95% confidence interval) for the overall effect was -5.84 -16.86 to 5.18) (P=0.30) mg oral morphine equivalents. The weighted mean difference for individual studies is represented by the square symbol on Forrest plot, with 95% CI of the difference shown as a solid line. The size of the square and the thickness of the 95% CI line resemble the sample size.

(a)

(b)