Research Article

Observations on Forced Colony Emigration in Parachartergus fraternus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Epiponini): New Nest Site Marked with Sprayed Venom

Table 2

Examples of different behavioral roles displayed by selected individual scouts of Pa. fraternus from colony C5 which were the most active foragers and scouts during pre-emigration and nest initiation. Previous role, forager activity: Fn = forager nectar; Fw = forager water, Fpr = forager prey; Fpu = forager pulp. During pre-emigration, individual number of gaster-dragging events on the substrate near natal nest entrance, and number of trips to the new nest site. Nest initiation, forager activity, and number of trips per individual.

IndividualPrevious roleDuring pre-emigrationNest initiation
Forager activity and number of trips observedNumber of gaster draggingsNumber of tripsForager activity and number of trips observed

1Fn-12 2Fpu-6
2Fn-545
3Fn-11114Fpu-3
4Fn-226Fpu-5
5Fn-511
6Fn-4310Fpu-1
7Fn-926Fpu -1
8Fw-2213Fpu-2
9Fpr-814Fpu-2
10Fpu-115
11Fw-5210Fpu-5
12Fn-2113Fpu-4
13Fn-5310Fpu-5
14Fn-112
15Fn-122
16Fn-164Fpu-1