Review Article

Density-Dependent Phase Polyphenism in Nonmodel Locusts: A Minireview

Table 1

Expressions of density-dependent phenotypic plasticity of the species included in this paper. When there is conclusive evidence on presence or absence of density-dependent phenotypic plasticity, it is noted as such. Asterisk denotes the possibility based on inconclusive and anecdotal evidence. Unknown denotes the lack of quantitative data.

Density-dependent phenotypic plasticity

SpeciesNymphal colorMorphometrics ratiosPhysiologyBehaviorReferences

Cyrtacanthacridinae
Schistocerca gregaria present present presentpresent [2, 16]
Schistocerca piceifrons present present presentpresent [2325]
Schistocerca cancellata present present presentpresent [19, 2628]
Schistocerca interrita present present unknownunknown [2932]
Nomadacris septemfasciata present present presentpresent [16, 3335]
Patanga succincta present present presentunknown [17, 36, 37]
Austracris guttulosa absent absent absentunknown [17, 3640]
Anacridium melanorhodon present absent absentunknown [41, 42]
Oedipodinae
Locusta migratoria present present presentpresent [2, 16]
Locustana pardalina present present presentpresent [5, 16, 33, 43]
Oedaleus senegalensis present unknown unknownunknown [41]
Gastrimargus musicus present present unknownpresent [44]
Pyrgodera armata present unknown unknownunknown [45]
Chortoicetes terminifera absent present presentpresent [9, 46]
Austroicetes cruciata absent present unknownunknown [46]
Aiolopus simulatrix present unknown present unknown [41, 47]
Ceracris kiangsu unknown unknown unknownunknown [17]
Calliptaminae
Calliptamus italicus absent present presentpresent [4851]
Gomphocerinae
Dociostaurus marrocanus present present presentpresent [5, 16, 52, 53]
Rhammatocerus schistocercoides present present unknownunknown [54, 55]
Gomphocerus sibricus absent absent unknownunknown [5, 56]
Melanoplinae
Melanoplus sanguinipes present absent unknownunknown [5, 5658]
Melanoplus differentialis unknown absent unknownunknown [59, 60]
Proctolabinae
Coscineuta virens absent absent unknownunknown [61]