Spider-Ant Associations: An Updated Review of Myrmecomorphy, Myrmecophily, and Myrmecophagy in Spiders

Table 1

Spider myrmecophiles found in association with or inside ant nests. This table is meant to supplement the table of Araneae mymecophiles found in Cushing [5]. Spider taxonomy according to Platnick [63]; ant taxonomy according to http://antbase.org/.

Spider myrmecophile	Ant host	Notes on biology	References
Linyphiidae
Diastanillus pecuarius (Simon)	Formica cf. fusca L. and F. lemani Bondroit	Found under stone near ants.	[64, 65]
Pseudomaro aenigmaticus Denis	Lasius flavus (Fabricius)	Associated with nests.	[65]
Syedra myrmicarum (Kulczynski)	Manica rubida (Latreille) and Formica sp.	Found under stone near ants.	[64, 65]
Oonopidae
Dysderina principalis (Keyserling)	Labidus praedator (Smith) (publ. as Eciton praedator)	Found inside nests.	[66]
Gamasomorpha maschwitzi Wunderlich	Leptogenys processionalis distinguenda (Emery) (publ. as L. distinguenda)	Found inside nests. Chemical mimic. Phoretic. Follows emigration trails of hosts. Builds webs inside nest.	[65, 67–69]
Gamasomorpha wasmanniae Mello-Leitão	Eciton sp.	Found inside nests.	[70]
Xestaspis loricata (L. Koch) (publ. as G. loricata)	Myrmecia dispar (Clark)	Found inside nests.	[71]
Salticidae
Cosmophasis bitaeniata (Keyserling)	Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)	Lives inside nest. Is chemical mimic of ant. Feeds on ant larvae by using tactile mimicry.	[72–76]
Phintella piatensis Barrion and Litsinger	O. smaragdina	Lives in proximity to ants.	[77]
Theridiidae
Eidmannella pallida (Emerton)	Atta sexdens (L.)	Lives in old fungus chambers of nest.	[78]