The Effect of Decreasing Temperature on Arthropod Diversity and Abundance in Horse Dung Decomposition Communities of Southeastern Massachusetts

Table 1

A table containing the 76 species of insects (𝑛=61), arachnids (𝑛=8), myriapods (𝑛=2), spring tails (𝑛=3), and crustaceans (𝑛=2) collected from the five sites over the course of the 4-month experiment. Individuals were identified from the key indicated next to each family. Average lengths were determined from the average of 25 measurements (when possible) taken after storage in 90% ethanol. The standard deviation (in mm) of the 25 measurements is indicated next to each average. Our captured species were compared to similar studies; bracketed numbers indicate the references compared to.

Taxa	Number	Physical length; (mm)	Sites occurred at	Occurrences in literature
Coleoptera [29–34]
Scarabaeidae
Onthophagus pennsylvanicus (Harold)	152	4.79 (0.12)	2, 3, 4, 5	[3, 12, 13]
O. orpheus (Panzer)	79	5.55 (0.09)	1, 2, 3, 5
O. striatulus (Blatchley)	46	6.29 (0.20)	All
Aphodius rubripennis (Horn)	132	8.21 (0.01)	All
A. distinctus (Müller)	81	5.55 (0.41)	All	[12, 15]
A. bicolor (Say)	132	7.12 (0.24)	All	[12, 13]
A. rubeolus (Beauvois)	40	4.12 (0.09)	All
A. lutulentus (Haldeman)	56	5.16 (0.10)	All
A. fossor (Linnaeus)	142	9.00 (0.11)	All	[12, 14, 15]
A. stercorosus (Melsheimer)	91	3.55 (0.02)	1, 3, 4, 5	[12, 14]
Dialytes truncates (Melsheimer)	43	4.11 (0.17)	All
D. striatus (Melsheimer)	118	5.91 (0.22)	All
Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman)	46	5.21 (0.19)	1, 3, 4, 5	[3, 12]
Canthon sp. 1	92	10.10 (0.08)	All	[3]
C. sp. 2	37	11.01 (0.13)	1, 4, 5	[3]
Geotrupidae
Geotrupes hornii (Blanchard)	83	14.91 (0.55)	All
G. egeriei (Germar)	118	13.99 (0.20)	All
G. blackburnii (Fabricius)	39	14.51 (0.06)	All
G. splendidus (Fabricius)	25	16.12 (0.66)	All
G. balyi (Windham)	69	14.33 (0.11)	All
Carabidae
Carabus sp.	116	19.15 (0.42)	All
Agonum sp.	85	9.12 (0.29)	All
Staphylinidae
Platydracus maculosus (Gravenhorst)	43	24.95 (0.41)	All
P. fossator (Gravenhorst)	40	19.45 (0.09)	All
Ocyptus sp.	38	17.55 (0.22)	2, 3, 4
Tachinus basalis (Erichson)	114	7.45 (0.31)	2, 3, 4, 5
T. frigidus (Erichson)	129	6.99 (0.08)	1, 3, 4, 5
T. luridus (Erichson)	135	8.11 (0.41)	All
Platystethus sp.	85	2.22 (0.10)	All
Aleochara littoralis (Mä, klin)	106	5.21 (0.92)	1, 3, 4, 5
A. bimaculata (Gravenhorst)	179	5.11 (0.40)	All	[3, 12, 15]
Falagria sp.	138	4.99 (0.11)	All
Hydrophilidae
Cercyon sp. 1	165	6.11 (1.01)	All	[12–15, 35]
Cercyon sp. 2	46	3.33 (0.50)	All	[12–15]
Sphaeridium sp.	42	9.91 (0.31)	1, 3, 4, 5	[3, 12–15, 35]
Histeridae
Saprinus sp.	101	7.41 (0.02)	All	[3]
Hister abbreviatus (Fabricius)	73	5.91 (0.10)	All	[3, 12–15]
Ptiliidae
Acrotrichis sp.	243	1.00 (0.05)	All
Nephanes sp.	197	1.20 (0.20)	All
Diptera [34, 36–40]
Sphaeroceridae
Scathophaga sp. 1	219	7.42 (0.41)	All	[3]
Scathophaga sp. 2	94	6.89 (0.91)	1, 3, 4, 5
Leptocera sp.	111	7.21 (0.83)	All	[3, 13–15]
Calliphoridae
Lucilla sp. 1	585	9.46 (0.09)	All
Lucilla sp. 2	218	5.21 (0.20)	All
Lucilla sp. 3	27	8.32 (0.39)	All
Phorima sp.	248	12.39 (0.08)	2, 3, 4, 5	[3]
Chrysomya sp.	245	8.11 (0.21)	All
Muscidae
Musca sp. 1	215	10.13 (0.40)	2, 3, 4, 5	[12–15]
Musca sp. 2	162	8.12 (0.50)	1, 2, 3, 5	[14, 15, 35]
Hydrotaea sp. 1	90	9.90 (0.08)	All	[3, 12, 14]
Hydrotaea sp. 2	156	11.21 (0.09)	All	[12, 14]
Sepsidae
Sepsis sp. 1	212	6.12 (0.07)	All	[3, 12–14, 35]
Sepsis sp. 2	224	6.95 (0.10)	All	[3, 12, 14, 15, 35]
Syrphidae
Eristalis sp.	288	7.48 (0.11)	All	[14]
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga sp. 1	279	16.51 (0.20)	All	[3, 13, 14]
Sarcophaga sp. 2	67	15.80 (0.33)	1, 3, 5	[13, 14]
Sarcophaga sp. 3	76	17.12 (0.08)	All	[13]
Ravina sp.	275	15.63 (0.11)	All	[3, 12–15, 35]
Orthoptera [41]
Gryllinae
Gryllus sp.	66	16.51 (0.74)	All	[3]
Neomemboius sp.	67	10.01 (0.45)	All
Anurogryllus sp.	72	11.09 (0.90)	All
Opiliones [42]
Phalangiidae
Phalangium sp.	56	7.15 (0.09)	All
Sclerosomatidae
Leiobunum sp.	62	5.97 (0.40)	All
Aranea [43, 44]				[16]
Lycosidae sp.	71	3.31 (0.08)	All
Salticidae
Sp. 1	63	5.12 (0.10)	All
Sp. 2	61	8.83 (0.19)	2, 3, 4
Sp. 3	84	4.99 (0.14)	1, 3, 5
Mesostigmata (Acari) [45]
Dinychidae	618	0.56 (0.01)	All	[14, 15]
Parasitidae	320	0.91 (0.02)	All	[12, 14–16]
Poduromorpha (Collembola) [46]
Poduridae	538	1.12 (0.10)	All	[14, 16]
Entomobryomorpha (Collembola)
Paronellidae	224	1.24 (0.02)	All
Entomobryidae	353	1.52 (0.02)	All	[14, 16]
Isopoda [47]
Armadillidiidae
Armadillidium sp.	53	11.15 (0.09)	All
Cylisticidae
Cylisticus sp.	20	7.95 (0.05)	All
Julida (Diplopoda) [48]
Julidae
Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus (Wood)	29	14.12 (0.29)	All
Spirobolida (Diplopoda)
Rhinocricidae
Eurhinocricus sp.	55	17.65 (0.71)	All
Total	10,299