Effects of the Trophobiont Herbivore Calloconophora pugionata (Hemiptera) on Ant Fauna Associated with Myrcia obovata (Myrtaceae) in a Montane Tropical Forest

Figure 6

Mean occurrence of the whole nonants arthropods (a) and for herbivores (b) and predators (c) separately, registered in the experimental groups (lines) at each period (𝑥 axis). These arthropods respond positively to decrease occurrence of ants and consequently the absence of C. pugionata (ANOVA: nonants arthropods: 𝐹(3;354) = 3.62; 𝑃<0.01; Herbivores: 𝐹(3;354) = 3.21; 𝑃<0.01; Predators: 𝐹(3;354) = 4.66; 𝑃<0.01). Different letters indicate significant differences according to post hoc test (LSD: 𝑃<0.05).

(a)

(b)

(c)