Preliminary Evaluation of a New Orthotic for Patellofemoral and Multicompartment Knee Osteoarthritis

Figure 2

Changes in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score (mm) over time (before and after TCO brace use). Each grey line represents one participant, and the red dashed line represents the overall group average. The black line represents the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) threshold of 32.3 mm [29]. Values below this threshold indicate clinical significance, where patients consider themselves well.