Contrast Induced Nephropathy with Intravenous Iodinated Contrast Media in Routine Diagnostic Imaging: An Initial Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Table 2

Distribution of clinical risk factors between “CIN” group and “No CIN” group.

Risk factors	CIN ()	No CIN ()	value	Relative risks	95% CI
					Lower	Upper
Dehydration	8 (32%)	20 (8.9%)	0.003	3.73	1.78	7.84
Abnormal routine blood investigations	7 (29%)	48 (21.8%)	0.457	1.35	0.59	3.06
Preexisting renal disease	6 (24%)	13 (5.8%)	0.006	3.84	1.74	8.45
Diabetes mellitus	6 (24%)	25 (11.1%)	0.100	2.23	0.97	5.15
Previous contrast use	6 (24%)	2 (0.9%)	0.000	9.56	5.30	17.21
Hypertension	4 (16%)	17 (7.6%)	0.143	2.08	0.79	5.49
Previous renal surgery	2 (8%)	5 (2.2%)	0.148	3.02	0.88	10.37
Cardiac failure	2 (8%)	1 (0.4%)	0.027	7.16	2.94	17.43
Nephrotoxic drug intake	3 (12%)	19 (8.4%)	0.469	1.41	0.46	4.35

value calculated using Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test wherever appropriate; correlation was considered significant if .