A Review of Doses for Dental Imaging in 2010–2020 and Development of a Web Dose Calculator

Table 3

Dosimetry methods, machine model, phantom age, technical parameters, and effective and organ (bone marrow, brain, salivary gland, and thyroid) doses for panoramic imaging procedures.

Method	Machine model	Age (year)	Dosimeter/MC code	Phantom	Imaging protocols	kVp	Effective dose (uSv)	Organ dose (uGy)				Reference
								Bone marrow	Brain	Salivary gland	Thyroid
Measurement	AZ3000	35	TLD	RANDO	Temporomandibular	70	11.00	3.30	29.50	549.90	29.80	Matsuo et al. 2011 [13]
Measurement	OP-200	35	TLD	ART		66	10.73	9.94	10.03	311.78	27.89	Han et al. 2013 [14]
Measurement	ORTHOPHOS CD	35	TLD	ART		71	14.33	10.74	9.41	419.17	67.87	Han et al. 2013 [14]
Measurement	ORTHOPHOS XG Plus	35	TLD	ART		69	19.06	15.99	18.41	604.05	54.60	Han et al. 2013 [14]
Measurement	ProMax	35	TLD	ART		66	26.26	14.53	15.12	939.55	54.95	Han et al. 2013 [14]
Measurement	Cranex Tome Ceph	35	TLD	ART	Jaw	66	19.00	11.00	26.00	1028.00	40.00	Granlund et al. 2015 [10]
Measurement	Cranex Tome Ceph	35	TLD	ART	Dental	66	22.00	10.00	10.00	1182.00	48.00	Granlund et al. 2015 [10]
Measurement	Veraviewepocs	35	TLD	ART	Jaw	66	23.00	13.00	10.00	869.00	53.00	Granlund et al. 2015 [10]
Measurement	Veraviewepocs	35	TLD	ART	Dental	66	30.00	18.00	5.00	939.00	52.00	Granlund et al. 2015 [10]
Measurement	Scanora	35	TLD	ART	Jaw	66	75.00	54.00	18.00	2887.00	126.00	Granlund et al. 2015 [10]
Measurement	Scanora	35	TLD	ART	Dental	66	49.00	38.00	19.00	2428.00	111.00	Granlund et al. 2015 [10]
Measurement	OP-200	5	TLD	ATOM 705	Long collimator P1	66	11.40	1.90	43.00	94.00	37.00	Davis 2015 [15]
Measurement	OP-200	5	TLD	ATOM 705	Short collimator P2	66	7.70	1.50	19.00	103.00	30.00	Davis et al. 2015 [15]
Measurement	OP-100	35	TLD	RANDO		73	7.15	5.00	72.00	109.00	24.00	Lee et al. 2016 [16]
Simulation	OP-100	35	PCXMC	ORNL		73	9.39	10.00	9.00	299.00	20.00	Lee et al. 2016 [16]
Measurement	ProMax 2D	10	Gafchromic film	ATOM 706C		62	4.10	1.80	0.00	160.00	17.00	Kadesjo et al. 2018 [11]
Measurement	ORTHOPHOSXG/Cep	35	TLD	RANDO		64	13.00	24.00	37.00	622.00	256.00	Qiang et al. 2019 [17]
Measurement	OP-100	5	TLD	ATOM 705-D		66	3.85	38.33	55.64	54.40	35.85	Lee et al. 2019 [18]
Simulation	OP-100	5	PCXMC	ORNL		66	3.47	10.51	20.00	4.32	13.29	Lee et al. 2019 [18]
Measurement	PP1	35	TLD	CDP-R1	Maxillofacial	73	8.15	8.08	33.10	113.30	54.31	Li et al. 2020 [12]
Measurement	PP1	35	TLD	CDP-R1	Maxillofacial	73	8.99	8.34	29.59	148.55	63.90	Li et al. 2020 [12]