Improvement in Overall Survival from Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma over Twenty Years
Table 3
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals from multivariate analysis of a 20-year period.
Characteristic
Hazard ratio
95% CI
value
Year of diagnosis
2004–2010
Reference group
1991–1996
3.021
2.775, 3.290
<0.0001*
1997–2003
2.212
2.063, 2.371
<0.0001*
Sex
Male
Reference group
Female
0.808
0.762, 0.856
<0.0001*
Tumor location
Lower limb
Reference group
Upper limb
0.940
0.880, 1.004
0.0657
Hispanic ethnicity
Non-Hispanic
Reference Group
Hispanic
0.852
0.770, 0.942
0.0217*
Radiationa
No
Reference Group
Yes
0.799
0.753, 0.848
<0.0001*
Surgerya
No
Reference Group
Yes
0.436
0.399, 0.476
<0.0001*
Marital statusa
Married
Reference Group
Other
1.473
1.374, 1.578
<0.0001*
Single
1.451
1.322, 1.580
<0.0001*
Age
<30
Reference Group
30–59
1.698
1.462, 1.972
<0.0001*
60+
3.926
3.371, 4.573
<0.0001*
Geographic region
West
Reference Group
Midwest
0.937
0.850, 1.032
0.1849
Northeast
1.103
1.008, 1.208
0.0323
South
0.998
0.898, 1.109
0.9740
Histology
Lipomatous
Reference Group
All other types
1.380
1.201, 1.586
<0.0001*
Fibromatous
1.119
1.019, 1.228
0.0187*
Myomatous
1.266
1.134, 1.413
<0.0001*
Myxomatous
0.982
0.667, 1.445
0.9267
NOS
1.567
1.410, 1.740
<0.0001*
Synovial
1.708
1.493, 1.954
<0.0001*
Gradea
I
Reference Group
II
1.557
1.352, 1.793
<0.0001*
III
2.581
2.260, 2.947
<0.0001*
IV
2.883
2.533, 3.282
<0.0001*
Metastasis
No
Reference Group
Yes
3.320
3.074, 3.587
<0.0001*
Tumor Sizea
<=5 cm
Reference Group
>5 cm
1.743
1.620, 1.876
<0.0001*
% Foreign bornb
0.992
0.988, 0.995
<0.0001*
% < HS educationb
1.014
1.010, 1.019
<0.0001*
Significant on a level. NOS: not otherwise specified.
aHRs for variables with “unknown” values are not included in these results.
bHigh school graduation is based upon county-level 2000 census data.