Role of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Children and Young Adults with Relapsed Ewing’s Sarcoma: A Systematic Review

Table 5

Studies comparing outcomes of HDCT and CC.

Study	Number of relapsed pts (only CC)	Number of relapsed pts (HDCT)	Chemotherapy (prior to HDCT)	HDCT	Source of stem cell	Response CC (number of patients)	Response HDCT (number of patients)	EFS	OS
Rasper et al. 2014, registry data [14]	161	53	T/C; I/Te; If/E/Ca	C1: busulfan/melphalan; C2: treosulfan/melphalan	NR	CR: 14; PR: 20; SD: 12; PD: 72; MD: 43	C1; CR: 5; PR: 2; C2; CR: 19; PR: 8; (before HDCT)	2 years; HDCT: 44–47%; HDCT IN CR/PR: 44%; Without HDCT: 10%; Without HDCT IN CR/PR: 31%; 5 years; HDCT: 20–24%; HDCT IN CR/PR: 22%; Without HDCT: 6%; Without HDCT IN CR/PR: 18%	2 years; HDCT: 53–66%; HDCT IN CR/PR: 59%; Without HDCT: 22%; Without HDCT IN CR/PR: 45%; 5 years; HDCT: 40–42%; HDCT IN CR/PR: 41%; Without HDCT: 10%; Without HDCT IN CR/PR: 25%
Barker et al. 2005, retrospective [16]	42	13	VDC-IE; VACIME; VDC-A; VDC-A-M	Busulfan/melphalan/thiotepa	PBSC	CR/PR: 14	CR/PR: 13 (before HDCT)	5 years; HDCT: 61%; Without HDCT: 7% (); Without HDCT IN CR/PR: 21% ()	5 years; HDCT: 77%; Without HDCT: 7% (); Without HDCT IN CR/PR: 22% ()
Palmerini et al. 2009, retrospective [18]	31	24	NL	Busulfan/melphalan	NL	NL	NL	NL	3 yr.; HDCT: 33%; Without HDCT: 22%
Ferrari et al. 2015, retrospective [17]	60	20	High I	Busulfan/melphalan	PBSC	CR: 9; MD: 4	CR/PR: 20 (before HDCT)	NL	5 yr.; HDCT: 50%; Without HDCT: 5–12%
Bacci et al. 2003, retrospective [3]	98	35; RO: 33	None	Melphalan; Busulfan	PBSC; BSC	CR/PR: 2%	CR/PR-39% (after HDCT)	5-year; HDCT–21.2%; Without HDCT: 0%	mOS; HDCT–27.1 m; Without HDCT 11.1 m

HDCT: high-dose chemotherapy, CC: conventional chemotherapy, ASCT: autologous stem cell transplant, OS: overall survival, EFS: event-free survival, CR: complete remission, PR: partial remission, NL: not listed, T: topotecan, C: cyclophosphamide, I: irinotecan, Te: temozolomide, V: vincristine, E: etoposide, M: methotrexate, A: dactinomycin, If: ifosfamide, D: doxorubicin, Ca: carboplatin, TBI: total body irradiation, high I: high-dose ifosfamide, SD: sustained disease, PD: progressive disease, MD: missing data, and RO: reported outcomes.