Prognostic Factors in Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma: A Retrospective Analysis of a Large Series Treated at a Single Institution

Table 2

Prognostic factors for overall survival and progression-free survival in all patients with dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma by univariate analysis.

Variable	Overall survival (months)			Progression-free survival (months)
	Median	95% CI		Median	95% CI
Overall	13.9	6.4–21.5		6.6	3.7–9.4
Age			0.322			0.424
≤60 years	14.2	5.8–22.5		8.4	6.5–10.4
>60 years	12.3	1.7–22.9		5.4	3.8–7.0
Gender			0.445			0.628
Female	11.8	7.8–15.9		5.9	3.6–8.2
Male	19.0	8.1–29.9		8.0	4.9–11.2
Pathological fracture			<0.001			<0.001
No	22.6	0–46.1		9.2	0–21.1
Yes	7.0	4.6–9.4		4.0	2.3–5.8
Site			0.304			0.920
Extremity	11.8	7.8–15.9		6.1	4.3–7.9
Axial	19.0	9.6–28.4		9.0	6.6–11.3
Tumor size			0.168			0.255
≤8 cm	21.9	15.4–28.4		8.4	4.5–12.3
>8 cm	11.3	8.1–14.4		6.4	4.6–8.2
Discontinuous	8.5	0–41.8		1.4	0–108.6
Lymph node involvement			<0.001			0.040
No	14.2	6.6–21.7		7.2	4.5–9.8
Yes	4.7	1.8–7.6		4.0	2.1–5.9
Distant metastasis			<0.001			<0.001
No	22.6	2.0–43.1		10.2	0.1–20.2
Yes	6.6	6.1–7.1		4.0	2.6–5.5
Grade			0.323			0.077
G2	27.4	0.2–54.6		17.8	0–76.7
G3	12.3	9.1–15.5		6.4	4.6–8.2
AJCC stage			<0.001			<0.001
II	22.6	2.8–42.4		10.2	0–21.4
III	8.5	0–41.8		1.4	0–108.6
IV	6.6	6.1–7.1		4.0	2.6–5.5
Extraosseous extension			0.108			0.073
No	58.9			56.9
Yes	12.8	8.9–16.6		6.4	3.9–8.9
Lymphovascular invasion			0.128			0.220
No	14.2	0.8–27.6		8.4	5.2–11.5
Yes	15.1	0–38.7		5.7	0.8–10.7
NA	10.3	3.3–17.4		5.1	2.0–8.1
Osteosarcoma component			0.801			0.669
No	12.3	6.7–17.9		6.6	2.7–10.4
Yes	19.0	5.2–32.8		6.4	3.6–9.2
UPS component			0.908			0.596
No	14.2	4.3–24.0		6.1	4.6–7.6
Yes	12.8	3.4–22.2		8.8	4.1–13.5
Size of dedifferentiated component			0.172			0.038
Microscopic	27.4	0–70.4		56.9	0–147.8
Macroscopic	12.3	8.5–16.0		6.1	4.8–7.4
Surgical margin			0.015			0.028
R0	19.1	8.5–29.8		8.4	5.5–11.3
R1/R2	12.3	6.1–18.5		6.6	4.2–9.0
No surgery	6.6	1.5–11.7		3.2	1.7–4.8
Surgery			0.056			0.045
No	6.6	1.5–11.7		3.2	1.7–4.8
Yes	15.1	8.1–22.0		8.0	5.5–10.6
Radiation therapy			0.787			0.903
No	13.1	8.7–17.6		7.2	4.6–9.8
Yes	14.2	0.6–27.7		5.9	1.4–10.4
Chemotherapy			0.205			0.451
No	10.4	5.1–15.8		5.5	4.1–6.9
Yes	23.3	5.6–41.1		9.0	6.5–11.4

AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition; CI, confidence interval; NA, not available; UPS, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.