|
| Principal investigator | Year | Cell source | Scaffold | Patients | Area of reconstruction | Salient features | Evaluation | Reported outcome |
|
| R.Quarto | 2001 | Bone marrow | 100% hydroxyapatite | 3 | Long bone defects (1 tibia, 1 ulna, 1 humerus) | (1) First clinical trial in humans using hMSCs
(2) Patients with long bone defects selected
(3) Patients had good clinical recovery
(3) No side effects even after 6-7 years followup | Radiology CT scan Angiography | No quantification of new bone formed.
Good integration of the host bone with the implanted scaffolds |
|
| H. Hibi | 2006 | Bone marrow | Platelet gel | 1 | Alveolar cleft defect | (1) First study using platelet gel as the scaffolding material | Serial Ct scans | Comparable bone formation to that described in literature with autolgous bone grafts |
|
| Y.Soleymani | 2007 | Bone marrow | HA/TCP | 6 | Maxillary sinus augmentation | (1) Good bone formation in all scaffolds
(2) Mean amount of new bone regenerated was 41.3%
(3) When compared to the Vacnati study, stark difference in the amount fo bone formed, probably due to location of defect or cell source | Radiology Biopsy | Reported successful with mean bone regenerate as 41.34% and good osseointegration |
|
| H.Krecic-Stres | 2007 | Bone marrow | Porous calcium triphosphate granules | 1 | Femoral defect | (1) autologous bone graft was mixed with TECs made with MSCs and scaffolds in ratio of 1 : 2 to fill the defect | Radiology | Good clinical recovery. No bone quantification performed |
|
| Gert Meijer | 2008 | Bone marrow | Hydroxyapatite scaffolds | 6 | Intraoral osseous defects | (1) Only study which performed a biopsy to not just to quantify the amount of bone formed but also the location of bone on the scaffold.
This helped identify if the bone was formed due to osteoconduction alone or as a result of osteo conduction with de novo bone sytnthesis.
(2) Demonstarted the donor donor variation with hMSCs | Radiology Biopsy | 5 patients had no new bone |
|
| K. Mesimaki | 2009 | Adipose tissue | β-TCP | 1 | Maxillary reconstruction | (1) First clinical study to use autologous MSCs derived from adipose tissue and expanded employing good manufacturing protocols (GMP) to heal a bone defect.
(2) Use of rhBMP-2 to promote bone formation in vivo.
(3) Use of a microvascular flap reconstruction surgery for bone tissue engineering | Radiology biopsy | 8-month followup indicated presence of mature bone. No quantification of the amount of bone formed is provided.
Good clinical course |
|
| Jun Lee | 2010 | Bone marrow | Freeze dried Autologous cancellous bone | 1 | Mandible reconstruction | (1) Repair of a large segmental defect (15 cm)
(2) Injection of MSCs with fibrin glue into the defect site.
(3) Use of autologous cancellous freeze dried bone as a tray to hold the MSCs in place. | Biopsy radiology | New bone formation after 4 months.
No quantification provided.
Goo clinical recovery |
|
