Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Factors in Stem Cell Biology

Figure 2

Contribution of stem cell-derived EVs in the construction of the tumor microenvironment. Stem cell-derived EVs influence the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), inflammatory immune cells, metalloproteinases, angiogenic growth factors, and regulatory RNAs, which shape the tumor microenvironment. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, endothelial cell growth, cell migration, and angiogenesis generate a permissive tumor niche.