Stem Cells International

Review Article

The Importance of CD44 as a Stem Cell Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer

Table 1

CD44v expression in varieties of tumor types. Table is adapted from Martin et al., 2003 [162].
Human tumorsChange in CD44 expressionAssociation in tumor progression
Acute myeloid leukemia 2 CD44v6Correlates with poor prognosis [31]
Colorectal carcinomaCD44v3Correlates with poor prognosis [163]
Gastric carcinoma 3 CD44v5, v6, v9Upregulated during disease progression [162, 164]
HCC 4 Upregulation of CD44s and v5, v6, v7-8, v10Correlates with poor prognosis [38]
Non-small cell lung carcinomasUpregulation of CD44v6Correlates with metastases and poor prognosis [51, 165]
Melanoma 5 CD44v3Correlates with metastases [37]
Multiple myelomaCD44v9Upregulated during disease progression [166]
Nodular sclerosing Hodgkin’s disease 6 CD44v10Upregulated during disease progression [167]
7 Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 8 CD44v6Correlates with poor prognosis [168, 169]
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma 9 v2Correlates with poor prognosis [170]
Oral squamous cell carcinomaDownregulation of CD44v4, v5, v9Correlates with metastases and poor prognosis [39, 44]
Pancreatic adenocarcinomaCD44v6Correlates with poor prognosis [67]
Primary pancreatic cancerCD44v2 and v6Correlates with poor prognosis [68]
Thyroid carcinomaDownregulation of CD44sCorrelates with poor prognosis [171]
Urothelial carcinomaCD44v6[172, 173]
Uterine cervical carcinomaCD44v6, v7-8Correlates with poor prognosis [174, 175]