| | Differentiation direction | Inductive medium composition |
| | Osteogenic | α-MEM, 15% FCS, 100 µg/mL streptomycin, 1% amphotericin, 0.1 μM dexamethasone, 10 mM β-glycerophosphate, and 50 μg/mL ascorbic acid |
| | Adipogenic | α-MEM, 15% FCS, 100 µg/mL streptomycin and 1% amphotericin, 1 μM dexamethasone, 10 μg/mL insulin, 100 μg/mL 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthin, 60 μM indomethacin, and 4 mM L-glutamine |
| | Chondrogenic | α-MEM, 100 µg/mL streptomycin and 1% amphotericin, 10 ng/mL TgF-β, 0.1 μM dexamethasone, 50 μg/mL ascorbic acid, 10 μg/mL insulin, and 1% ITS 100x |
| | Neuronal | (I) Cells cultured on chamber slides coated with poly-D-lysine/laminin, cultured in DMEM/F12 with 10% FBS, 1 × N-2 supplement, 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 µg/mL streptomycin, 10 ng/mL fibroblast growth factor 2, and 10 ng/mL epidermal growth factor
(II) Cells cultured on chamber slides coated with poly-D-lysine/laminin, cultured in DMEM/F12 with 125 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 1000 unit/mL leukemia inhibitory factor, and 4 mM forskolin |
| | Endothelial | Cells cultured in 8-well chamber slides precoated with fibronectin and cultivated in the presence or absence of endothelial growth medium 2 |
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