Review Article

Spheroid Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Figure 1

Clinical significance of MSC spheroids. Formation of spheroidal aggregates (1) enhances paracrine secretion of angiogenic, antitumorigenic, and pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, (2) improves cell survival, (3) increases differentiation potentials, and (4) delays replicative senescence of MSCs (ANG: angiogenin; ANGPT2: angiopoietin 2; CCL2: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; CCL7: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7; FGF2: fibroblast growth factor 2; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; IL1A: interleukin 1α; IL1B: interleukin 1β; IL8: interleukin 8; IL24: interleukin 24; PGE2: prostaglandin E2; TNFAIP6 (TSG6): tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 6 (tumor necrosis factor α stimulated gene/protein 6); VEGFA: vascular endothelial growth factor-A).