Sex Differences of Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells in the Biological Response to TNF-α Treatment

Figure 1

Antiapoptotic effect of TNF-α in CPCs. Cytometric analysis of (a) TNFR1 and TNFR2 mean fluorescence intensity (left histogram) and percentage of positive cells (right histogram), (b) representative flow cytometry histograms showing TNFR expression in cells from a male and from a female patient, (c) superoxide anion (O₂⁻), and (d) hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels; (e) percentage of apoptotic cells after 3 and 24 hours of TNF-α treatment. (f) Cell cycle analysis after propidium iodide staining. Data are reported as mean values ± SD of three independent experiments. (g) Morphometric analysis showing the percentage of cells with NF-κB p65 3 h after TNF-α treatment. (h) Two representative images obtained by fluorescence microscopy of female control cells with cytoplasmic NF-κB and female cells after 3 h of TNF-α treatment with NF-κB p65 localization. . .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)