Efficiency of Cell Therapy to GC-Induced ONFH: BMSCs with Dkk-1 Interference Is Not Superior to Unmodified BMSCs

Figure 1

Oil Red O staining indicating the adipogenesis (red droplets for lipid, (a–d)) and alizarin red staining indicating osteogenesis (red nodules for mineralized calcium, (e–h)). No sign of red droplets in the blank group (BG, (a)) or the transfection group (TG, (d)) meant no lipid formation in the two groups. While in GC group (GG, (b)) and negative group (NG, (c)), significant red droplets suggested more lipid formation. On the other hand, BG and TG formed significantly more mineralized calcium than the GC and NG.