Generation of Retinal Organoids with Mature Rods and Cones from Urine-Derived Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Figure 4

Specification and lamination of neural retina in retinal organoids derived from U-hiPSCs. (a) Schematic diagram of laminated neural retina with five retinal neurons and one glia generated from retinal progenitor cells (RPC) in vivo. PRC, photoreceptor cell; GC, ganglion cell; AC, amacrine cell; HC, horizontal cell; BC, bipolar cell; MC, Muller glial cell. (b–h) Immunofluorescence staining on retinal organoids showed that urine-derived RPCs sequentially differentiated into BRN3-positive GCs (b, d), OTX2-positive PRCs (c, d), then AP2-positive ACs(e), PROX1-positive HCs (f) (insert, higher magnification of the squared area), PKC-α-positive BCs (g) (insert, higher magnification of the squared area), and CRALBP-positive MCs (h) at different time windows after differentiation. All these retinal cells migrated to corresponding layers. Scale bars = 20 μm.

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