Research Article

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Mitophagy during Adipogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) Horses

Figure 6

Assessment of autophagy in ASCCTRL and ASCEMS cultured under adipogenic conditions after the 10th day. Formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes was visualized using TEM imaging. Circles with red edges indicate autophagosomes within the cell (a). Moreover, using immunofluorescence staining, LAMP2 localization was investigated under a confocal microscope (b). Using RT-PCR, the expression of autophagy-related genes including Beclin (c), LC3 (d), and LAMP 2 (e) was evaluated. Upregulation of LAMP2 indicates autolysosome formation which is required to complete the autophagic removal of damaged organelles. Interestingly, no differences in LAMP2 expression in adipose tissue (f) was observed. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. Scale bar 250 μm.
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