Establishing a Surgical Procedure for Rhesus Epiretinal Scaffold Implantation with HiPSC-Derived Retinal Progenitors

Figure 4

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) accumulations around the retinal tack insertion area. Each line demonstrated the HE staining and immunofluorescence at lower and higher magnifications. (a–c) showed retinas with bleeding when inserting the tack. The thickening of the IPL and excessive accumulation of GFAP were observed. (d–f) showed the insertion area of the retina without bleeding during surgery. Only slight GFAP accumulation was observed, and there was no obvious thickening of the inner plexiform layer (IPL). (g–i) showed much slighter retinal inflammation in the presence of rapamycin. (j–l) showed the appearance of a control rhesus retina. Moreover, iba-1 staining showed no activation of microglia (scale bar = 100 μm).