Increased BMPR1A Expression Enhances the Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

Figure 2

ASMSCs exhibited greater adipogenic differentiation potential than HDMSCs. The adipogenic differentiation capacities of HDMSCs () and ASMSCs () were determined using ORO staining and quantification and further confirmed by measuring the gene and protein expression of adipogenic markers, including PPAR-γ, adiponectin, and FABP4. (a) ORO staining was observed under a microscope (100x, black bars indicate 100 μm), and images were captured. ASMSCs displayed darker staining than HDMSCs on days 10, 14, and 21. Consistent results were also observed for the quantification of ORO absorbance (500 nm). (b) Higher expression of PPAR-γ mRNA was observed in ASMSCs than in HDMSCs on days 7, 10, 14, and 21. Moreover, higher levels of adiponectin and FABP4 mRNAs were observed in ASMSCs than in HDMSCs on days 10, 14, and 21. (c) The levels of the PPAR-γ, adiponectin, and FABP4 proteins were consistent with their mRNA levels. Together, these results suggested that ASMSCs had greater adipogenic differentiation potential than HDMSCs. Values shown in (a–c) are presented as the . for the differences between HDMSCs and ASMSCs.

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