Clinical Study

Safety and Feasibility of Repeated Intrathecal Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Patients with Neurological Diseases

Table 4

Clinical studies of intrathecal autologous MSCs described in the literature.

Authors/countryDiagnosisNo. of treated patientsStem cell typeTransplant typeDose per injectionInjection frequencyFollow-upAdverse events (person-time)

Bonab et al. [23]/IranMS10Auto-BM-MSCsIT113–26 monthsSlight headache (9); iatrogenic meningitis (2)
Pal et al. [27]/IndiaSCI30Auto-BM-MSCsIT2–3, weekly12–24 monthsNone
Karussis et al. [16]/IsraelMS
ALS
15
19
Auto-BM-MSCsIT+IV
125 monthsFever (21); headache (15); meningism (1); rigidity (2); leg pain (3); dyspnoea (1); confusion (1); neck pain (1); difficulty walking/standing (4)
Yamout et al. [24]/LebanonMS7Auto-BM-MSCsIT112 monthsSeizures (1); cervical and lower back pain (3)
Kishk et al. [28]/EgyptSCI44Auto-BM-MSCsIT6, monthly12 monthsEncephalomyelitis (1); neuropathic pain (24); sweating (3); transient hypertension (3); spasticity (4); dyspnoea (1); jerky movements (2)
Hammadi et al. [25]/IraqMS50Auto-PB MSCsIT1–8 (mean 2.14)12 monthsBackache (45); meningism (45)
Bonab et al. [26]/IranMS25Auto-BM-MSCsIT112 monthsFever (25); nausea/vomiting (2); headache (3); lower limb weakness (2)
Karamouzian et al. [29]/IranSCI11Auto-BM-MSCsIT112–33 monthsPain (8)
Tian et al. [33]/ChinaTBI97Auto-BM-MSCsIT12 weeksFever (5); headache (2)
Kim et al. [17]/KoreaALS37Auto-BM-MSCsIT2, monthly6 monthsFever (11); myalgia (9); lower back pain (4); headache (4)
Oh et al. [18]/KoreaALS8Auto-BM-MSCsIT2, at 26-day intervals12 monthsFever (4); administration site pain (3); headache (3)
Rushkevich et al. [19]/BelarusALS10Auto-BM-MSCsIT+IV1–2, at 5–7-month intervals12 monthsFever (1); headache (2)
Petrou et al. [20]/IsraelALS26Auto-BM-MSCsIT+IV16 monthsHeadache (13); fever (11); back/leg pains (8); vomiting (3); neck stiffness (2); general weakness (1); bruising (1); spasticity (1)
Satti et al. [31]/PakistanSCI9Auto-BM-MSCsIT2–3, monthly269–826 daysHeadache (1); tingling sensation (2)
Hlebokazov et al. [34]/BelarusEP10Auto-BM-MSCsIT+IV112 monthsHeadache (1)
Hur et al. [30]/KoreaSCI14Auto-AD MSCsIT3, monthly8 monthsUrinary tract infection (1); headache (2); nausea and vomiting (1)
Staff et al. [21]/USAALS27Auto-AD MSCsIT1–2, monthly4–108 weeksHeadache (3); back/leg pain (9)
Liu et al. [35]/ChinaCP33Auto-BM-MSCsIT4, at 3–4-day intervals12 monthsFever (2); nausea, vomiting, and headache (4)
Sykova et al. [22]/CzechALS26Auto-BM-MSCsIT118 monthsHeadache (7); hyperhidrosis (1); leukocytosis (2)
Vaquero et al. [32]/SpainSCI10Auto-BM-MSCsIT4, 3 months12 monthsHypertension (1); local pain (1); leg pain (1); urinary tract infection (3); headache (4); hyperthermia (1); wound (1); infected pressure ulcer (1); arthralgia (1); syncope (1); pain in coccyx (1); neck pain (1); back pain (1); nasopharingytis (1); bronchitis (1)

Abbreviations: AD, adipose derived; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; auto, autologous; BM, bone marrow; CP, cerebral palsy; EP, epilepsy; MS, multiple sclerosis; MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells; PB, peripheral blood; SCI, spinal cord injury; TBI, traumatic brain injury; IT, intrathecal; IV, intravenous.