Flufenamic Acid Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Antagonizing the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Figure 2

FFA inhibits adipogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs in vitro. (a, b) Oil red O staining and quantification showed that FFA at 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM inhibited lipid droplet formation in hBMMSCs. Human BMMSCs were treated with PM, AM, or AM+FFA at 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 μM for 21 days before Oil red O staining and quantification. . (c, d) FFA at 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μM inhibited the expression of PPARG (c) and CEBPA (d) in hBMMSCs, as determined by qRT-PCR. All data are shown as the , . , , and compared with AM. PM: proliferation media; AM: adipogenic media; FFA: flufenamic acid; hBMMSC: human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell; PPARG: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma; CEBPA: CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR.