Succinate Supplement Elicited “Pseudohypoxia” Condition to Promote Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenesis of Periodontal Ligament Cells

Figure 6

Succinate supplement triggered the GPR91-dependent and GPR91-independent pathway. The extracellular succinate concentration in supernatant was detected in hypoxia-cultured cells (a). The expression of GPR91 was analyzed by qPCR and western blot at 4 h and 24 h, respectively (b, c). Lentivirus-based gene interference was utilized to knock down GPR91 (d). Gene transcription was determined by qPCR at 4 h (e). , relative to control; , relative to control.

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