Clinical Study

Intrathecal Infusion of Autologous Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells in Autoimmune Refractory Epilepsy: Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy

Table 4

Epileptic seizure characteristic before and after treatment, EEG evaluation, and drug without changes.

PatientBefore experimental therapyAfter experimental therapy
Epileptic seizure characterDrugsEEGEpileptic seizure characterEEGImprovement

Patient 1Left sided generalizing, GTCS, polimorphicVPA, CBZ, LEV, TPM (tacrolimus)Simple changes, lateralized on the right sideLeft sided, polimorphicSimple changes, generalized and localized in the left fronto-central regionTransient reduction in number and severity of attacks
Patient 2Left sided continuousVPA, CBZ, PHT, OXC, (tacrolimus)Frequent changes localized in right fronto-central regionLeft sided continuousVery frequent, bilateral changes localized in fronto-centro-pariertal region, more on the rightMild reduction of gait disturbances
Patient 3GTC, myoclonicVPA, LEV, TPM, CBZ, (azathioprine)Continuous changes localized predominantly in the left temporal and centro-parieto-occipital regionNo seizuresFrequent changes localized predominantly in the left temporal and centro-parieto-occipital region100% improvement in functioning, lack of seizures
Patient 4Polymorphic (atypical absences, GTCS, myoclonic)VPA, PHT, CBZ, TPM, (azathioprine)Frequent generalized and bilateral changes localized in the fronto-central region, more on the right side, hypsarrhythmia-likePolymorphic (atypical absences, GTCS, myoclonic)Very frequent generalized and bilateral changes localized in the fronto-central region, more on the right side, background slowingTransient improvement after the first ADRC infusion
Patient 5Focal with/without impartment of consciousness (GTCS)VPA, CBZ, TPM, CLBFrequent changes lateralized on the right sideFocal with/without impartment of consciousness, GTCSFrequent changes lateralized on the right sideNo
Patient 6Focal with/without impartment of consciousness, GTCSVPA, PB, LEV, TPM, VGBFrequent changes localized in the left parasagittal region and simple changes localized in the fronto-central region on the right sideFocal with/without impartment of consciousness, GTCSFrequent changes localized in the parasagittal region bilaterally more on the left side50% improvement in number and severity of attacks

EEG: electroencephalography; VPA: valproic acid; CBZ: carbamazepine; LEV: levetiracetam; TPM: topiramate; PHT: phenytoin; OXC: oxcarbazepine; CBZ: clobazam; PB: phenobarbitalum; VGB: vigabatrin; GTCS: generalized tonic-clonic seizures.