Stromal Vascular Fraction and Amniotic Epithelial Cells: Preclinical and Clinical Relevance in Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine
Table 2
In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on SVF in cartilage regeneration.
Experimental model
Treatment groups
Evaluations
Results
Ref.
In vitro: Human chondrocytes () from healthy donors hSVF or hADSCs () from abdomen In vivo: 10 BALB/C nude mice (6 wks) with subcutaneous pouches Allogenic SVF or ADSCs Allogenic chondrocytes ()
In vitro: Group 1: SVF pellet Group 2: ADSC pellet Group 3: chondrocyte pellet Group 4: SVF+chondrocyte pellet (4 : 1) Group 5: ADSCs+chondrocyte pellet (4 : 1) In vivo: Group 1: no treatment Group 2: SVF+chondrocytes (4 : 1) in 2% alginate Group 3: ADSCs+chondrocytes (4 : 1) in 2% alginate Group 4: chondrocytes
In vitro: Histology GAG quantification Cell proliferation In vivo: Histology GAG quantification IHC (COLL II)
In vitro: 1 mo Group 4: ↑ GAG, chondrocytes % than group 5 In vivo: 2 mo Group 2: ↑ GAG, COLL II protein than groups 1, 3, and 4
In vivo: 8 skeletally mature Dutch milk goats () with 2 osteochondral defects in the right troclea femoris and 2 defects in the right medial femoral condyles Autologous SVF or ADSCs () COLL I/COLL III scaffold ()
Group 1: scaffold Group 2: scaffold+SVF Group 3: scaffold+ADSCs
Gross evaluations Histology Micro-CT
1 mo Group 1: =gross appearance score, histological score than groups 2 and 3. 4 mo Group 2: ↑ cartilage and SB regeneration than groups 1 and 3 Group 2: ↑ hyaline cartilage; ↓ fibrocartilage, cartilaginous tissue in SB than group 3
In vivo: 30 small tail Han sheep (6 mo) with OA in the right knee Autologous SVF () or ADSCs from cervicothoracic region HA scaffold (600–1500 kDa) (2.5 ml)
Group 1: saline (5 ml) Group 2: scaffold Group 3: scaffold+ADSCs () Group 4: scaffold+ADSCs () Group 5: scaffold+SVF
IHC (COLL X, SDF1)
3 mo Group 5: ↓ COLL X protein than groups 3 and 4. Group 5: ↑ SDF1 protein than groups 1 and 2
Clinical trial: 18 pz () with OA Autologous SVF (35 ml) from abdomen
Group 1: SVF
Clinical evaluation Radiography
3, 6, and 18 mo Group 1: ↓ VAS score, WOMAC % than presurgery. No infection, thromboembolism, adverse reaction 18 mo Group 1: =outerbridge score than presurgery
Clinical trial: 10 pz (≥50 yrs) with idiopathic knee OA Allogenic SVF (5 ml) from abdomen
Group 1: SVF+PRP (3 ml)
Clinical evaluation SF analysis
3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 mo Group 1: ↓ WOMAC total, WOMAC stiffness, WOMAC pain, WOMAC physical function; ↑ six-minute walk distance than presurgery 24 mo Group 1: no atypical cells in SF, restore SF properties, synovial metabolism; ↓ cartilage pathology than presurgery
Clinical trial: 30 pz (>18 yrs) with OA Autologous SVF from abdomen
Group 1: arthroscopic microfracture Group 2: arthrosopic microfracture+SVF+PRP (5 ml)
Clinical evaluation BM edema
12 mo Group 2: ↓ BM edema than group 1 Group 1: ↓ WOMAC score during time 18 mo Group 2: ↓ WOMAC score during time Group 2: ↓ WOMAC score; ↑ Lysholm score than group 1
Clinical trial: 33 pz (>38 yrs) with OA Autologous SVF (6 ml with cells) from abdomen
Group 1: arthroscopic microfracture Group 2: arthroscopic microfracture+SVF
Clinical evaluation BM edema
12 mo Groups 1 and 2: ↓ VAS score, WOMAC score during time 24 mo Group 2: ↓ VAS score, WOMAC score, Outerbridge score than group 1 Groups 1 and 2: ↑ Lysholm score during time Group 2: ↓ BM edema during time Group 1: ↑ BM edema during time
Clinical trial: 16 pz () with bilateral OA of grade II or III Hyaluronic acid (4 ml) Autologous SVF (4 ml) from abdomen
Group 1: arthroscopic debridement+SVF Group 2: arthroscopic debridement+HA
Clinical evaluation Radiography
1, 3, 6, and 12 mo Group 1: ↓ VAS, WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness; ↑ ROM during time Group 2: ↑ VAS, WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness; ↓ ROM than group 1 1 mo Group 2: ↑ ROM during time 3, 6, and 12 mo Group 2: ↓ ROM during time 1 and 3 mo Group 2: ↓ VAS during time 6 and 12 mo Group 2: ↑ VAS during time Group 1: ↑ MOCART score during time Group 1: ↑ MOCART score, complete tissue filling than group 2 Group 2: ↓ MOCART score during time
