Low Density of Top Predators (Seabirds and Marine Mammals) in the High Arctic Pack Ice

Figure 4

Distribution maps of the main top predator species encountered during the PS86 and PS87 expeditions of RV Polarstern in July–September 2014: fulmar Fulmarus glacialis (a), Brünnich’s guillemot Uria lomvia (b), little auk Alle alle (c), puffin Fratercula arctica (d), ivory gull Pagophila eburnea (e), Ross’s gull Rhodostethia rosea (f), kittiwake Rissa tridactyla (g), white-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris (h), fin whale Balaenoptera physalus (i), harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus and hooded seal Cystophora cristata (j), and polar bear Ursus maritimus (k).

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