Advances in the Preclinical Study of Some Flavonoids as Potential Antidepressant Agents

Table 3

Effect of flavonoids on depression-like behavior at preclinical research.

Model of depression	Flavonoid (animal)	Doses	Treatment duration	Effect	Reference
Forced swim test	Naringenin (A)	10, 20, and 50 mg/kg, p.o.	60 min before test	No effect	[52]
	Luteolin (A)	10 mg/kg, p.o.	30 min before test	Antidepressant	[30]
		50 mg/kg, p.o.	23 days	Antidepressant	[31]
	Icariin (B)	60 mg/kg, p.o.	21 days	Antidepressant	[32]
		20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	35 days	Antidepressant	[42]
	Astilbin (C)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, i.p.	21 days	Antidepressant	[34]
	Baicalein (B)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, i.p.	14 days	Antidepressant	[35]
	Baicalein (F)	1, 2, and 4 mg/kg, i.p.	Single injection or 21 days	Antidepressant	[36]
	Kaempferol (A)	30 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[24]
	Quercitrin (A)	30 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[24]
	Vitexin (D)	10, 20, and 30 mg/kg, p.o.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[53]
	Chrysin (J)	5 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.	28 days	Antidepressant	[10]
	Fisetin (A)	5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, p.o.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[38]
	Quercetin (E)	50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.	21 days	Antidepressant	[54]
		40 and 80 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[55]
	Quercetin (I)	50 mg/kg, i.p.	21 days	Antidepressant	[54]
	Quercetin (L)	25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[56]
	Orientin (F)	20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	21 days	Antidepressant	[40]
	7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (G)	1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[41]
	Isosakuranetin-5-O-rutinoside (A)	15 and 30 mg/kg, p.o.	21, 18, and 1 h before test	Antidepressant	[57]
	Liquiritin (K)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	30 min before test	Antidepressant	[51]
	Isoliquiritin (K)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	30 min before test	Antidepressant	[51]
	Naringin (E)	50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.	14 days	Antidepressant	[58]
Tail suspension test	Naringenin (A)	10, 20, and 50 mg/kg, p.o.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[52]
		5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[29]
	Hesperidin (H)	0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg, i.p.	21 days	Antidepressant	[9]
	Astilbin (G)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, i.p.	21 days	Antidepressant	[34]
	Vitexin (D)	10, 20, and 30 mg/kg, p.o.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[53]
	Fisetin (A)	5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, p.o.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[38]
	Orientin (F)	20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	21 days	Antidepressant	[40]
	7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (G)	3 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.	60 min before test	Antidepressant	[41]
	Baicalein (F)	1, 2, and 4 mg/kg, i.p.	Single injection or 21 days	Antidepressant	[36]
	Kaempferol (A)	30 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[24]
	Quercitrin (A)	30 mg/kg, p.o.	14 days	Antidepressant	[24]
	Liquiritin (K)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	30 min before test	Antidepressant	[51]
	Isoliquiritin (K)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	30 min before test	Antidepressant	[51]
CUMS-sucrose intake	Naringenin (A)	10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.	21 days	Antidepressant	[28]
	Icariin (B)	60 mg/kg, p.o.	21 days	Antidepressant	[32]
		20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	35 days	Antidepressant	[42]
	Astilbin (C)	10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, i.p.	21 days	Antidepressant	[34]
	Chrysin (J)	5 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.	28 days	Antidepressant	[10]
	Orientin (F)	20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	21 days	Antidepressant	[40]
	Apigenin (A)	7 and 14 mg/kg, p.o.	49 days	Antidepressant	[59]
	7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (G)	10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.	28 days	Antidepressant	[60]
	Icariin (B)	20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.	35 days	Antidepressant	[61]

antidepressant-like effect is suggested by the reduction in immobility time without significant changes in the general locomotor activity. antidepressant-like effect is suggested by the increase in sucrose intake. CUMS: chronic unpredictable mild stress. (A) Adult male ICR mice. (B) Male Sprague-Dawley rats. (C) Male C57BL/6J mice. (D) Adult male BALB/c mice. (E) Adult male Wistar rats. (F) Adult male Kunming mice. (G) Adult male C57BL/6 mice. (H) Adult male Swiss mice. (I) Male 21-day streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. (J) Female C57BL/6J mice. (K) Mice sex and strain were not identified. (L) Female Swiss mice.