An Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Used as Anti-Inflammatory Remedies in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka

Table 3

Medicinal plant species used in Gampaha District to treat inflammatory conditions.

Family	Scientific name	Vernacular name	Life form	Parts used	Preparation	Inflammatory conditions treated	RFC	UV	Reported usage in the literature [6]	Voucher specimen number
Acanthaceae	Adhatoda vasica Nees	Adhathoda	Shrub	Leaves, twigs, roots	Infusion, poultice	Swellings in joints, cough, asthma, catarrh	0.12	2.56	Diarrhea, fever, asthma	MNWP-01
Amaryllidaceae	Allium sativum L.	Sudulunu	Herb	Bulbs	Infusion	Asthma	0.002	1.0	Asthma, gout	MNWP-02
Apiaceae	Coriandrum sativum L.	Koththamalli	Herb	Seeds	Infusion	Cold, fever, asthma	0.23	2.59	Inflammation	MNWP-03
Asclepiadaceae	Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand.	Wara	Shrub	Whole plant	Poultice	Sprains, swellings	0.002	1.0	Skin diseases, leprosy, jaundice, sinus troubles	MNWP-04
Asphodelaceae	Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.	Komarika	Herb	Leaves	Paste	Cough, asthma	0.004	1.0	Cough	MNWP-05
Bignoniaceae	Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz	Thotila	Tree	Barks	Poultice	Swellings in joints	0.009	1.0	Rheumatic swellings, fractures	MNWP-06
Clusiaceae	Calophyllum inophyllum L.	Domba	Tree	Seeds	Oil, poultice	Swellings in joints	0.004	1.0	Chronic rheumatism, swellings in joints	MNWP-07
Combretaceae	Terminalia chebula Retz.	Aralu	Tree	Fruits	Powder	Fever	0.004	1.0	Fever, eye diseases, piles, chronic dysentery	MNWP-08
Crassulaceae	Kalanchoe laciniata (L.) DC.	Akkapana	Herb	Leaves	Infusion	Cough, asthma, cold	0.002	1.5	Urinary diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cough, cold	MNWP-09
Cyperaceae	Cyperus rotundus L.	Kaladuru	Herb	Whole plant	Infusion	Fever	0.004	1.0	Fever, bronchitis	MNWP-10
Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus emblica L.	Nelli	Tree	Fruits	Poultice	Redness and swellings in the eye	0.004	1.0	Inflammation in the eye, gonorrhea, diarrhea, urinary diseases	MNWP-11
	Ricinus communis L.	Enderu	Shrub	Leaves	Poultice	Headache, joint pains, swellings	0.009	1.5	Headache, boils, rheumatism	MNWP-12
Fabaceae	Glycyrrhiza glabra L.	Welmi	Herb	Twigs	Infusion	Catarrh, asthma	0.022	1.4	Laryngitis, bronchitis	MNWP-13
	Pterocarpus santalinus L.f.	Rath-handun	Tree	Stems	Paste	Headache, pain, swellings in joints	0.004	1.5	Rheumatism, insect bites, headache	MNWP-14
	Tamarindus indica L.	Siyabala	Tree	Leaves	Paste	Swellings in joints	0.006	1.0	Boils, rheumatism	MNWP-15
	Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC.	Undupiyali	Herb	Leaves	Paste	Swellings in joints	0.004	1.0	Ulcers, dysentery, inflammation	MNWP-16
	Trigonella foenum-graecum L.	Uluhal	Herb	Seeds	Poultice	Pain in joints	0.002	1.0	Dyspepsia, diarrhea, rheumatism	MNWP-17
Lamiaceae	Plectranthus zeylanicus Benth.	Iriweriya	Herb	Roots	Infusion, decoction	Fever	0.004	1.0	Fever, cough, asthma	MNWP-18
Lauraceae	Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl	Kapuru	Tree	Fruits	Oil	Fever, swellings in joints, asthma	0.002	1.5	Inflammation, bruises, sprains, whooping cough, asthma	MNWP-19
	Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob.	Bomi	Tree	Barks	Paste	Swellings in joints	0.004	1.0	Diarrhea, dysentery, sprains, bruises, rheumatism	MNWP-20
Loganiaceae	Strychnos potatorum L.f.	Ingini	Tree	Seeds	Paste	Swellings in joints	0.004	1.0	Eye diseases, diarrhea	MNWP-21
Malvaceae	Sida acuta Burm.f.	Babila	Herb	Roots	Infusion, decoction	Fever	0.009	1.0	Fever, impotency, rheumatism	MNWP-22
Meliaceae	Azadirachta indica A.Juss.	Kohomba	Tree	Leaves	Poultice	Pain in joints	0.004	1.0	Catarrh, leprosy and skin diseases, rheumatism, wounds, ulcers	MNWP-23
Menispermaceae	Coscinium fenestratum (Goetgh.) Colebr.	Veniwelgata	Woody climber	Stems	Infusion	Fever, cough, asthma	0.13	2.43	Fever, tetanus, dressing wounds, ulcers	MNWP-24
	Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers	Rasakida	Climber	Stems	Infusion	Fever	0.009	1.0	Fever, skin diseases, diabetes, dysentery, rheumatism	MNWP-25
Molluginaceae	Mollugo cerviana (L.) Ser.	Pathpadagum	Herb	Whole plant	Infusion	Fever, asthma	0.065	1.63	Fever, skin diseases, gonorrhea	MNWP-26
Moringaceae	Moringa oleifera Lam.	Murunga	Shrub	Barks	Infusion, poultice	Asthma, swellings in pain	0.009	1.5	Asthma, gout, rheumatism, remedy for snakebite poisoning	MNWP-27
Piperaceae	Piper longum L.	Thippili	Herb	Fruit	Infusion, decoction	Fever, asthma, cough	0.013	1.3	Fever, cough, bronchitis	MNWP-28
Poaceae	Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.	Bela-tana	Herb	Whole plant	Poultice	Swellings, sprains	0.004	1.5	Sprains and dislocations	MNWP-29
Rutaceae	Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa	Beli	Tree	Leaves, roots	Decoction	Asthma, fever	0.009	1.5	Fever, asthma, dysentery, piles, dyspepsia	MNWP-30
	Atalantia ceylanica (Arn.) Oliv.	Yakinarang	Shrub	Leaves	Infusion, smoke	Cough, cold, breathing difficulties, asthma	0.01	2.36	Catarrh, bronchitis and other chest complaints, fever	MNWP-31
	Citrus aurantium L.	Embul-Dodam	Tree	Fruits	Juice	Cough, to draw out phlegm	0.026	1.25	Chronic cough	MNWP-32
	Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle	Dehi	Tree	Leaves	Smoke	Cough, headache	0.08	1.11	Cough, stomachache, cleaning wounds, dysentery	MNWP-33
Sapindaceae	Cardiospermum halicacabum L.	Wel-penela	Climber	Whole plant	Infusion	Swellings in joints	0.002	1.0	Rheumatism, dropsy, earache, bronchitis	MNWP-34
Sapotaceae	Madhuca longifolia (J.Koenig ex L.) J.F.Macbr.	Mee	Tree	Seeds	Oil, poultice	Swellings and pain in joints	0.009	1.5	Fractures, rheumatism, snakebites	MNWP-35
Solanaceae	Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & H. Wendl.	Katuwelbatu	Herb	Leaves	Infusion	Fever, cough, asthma	0.087	2.22	Cough, asthma, colic fever, toothache	MNWP-36
	Solanum surattense Burm. f.	Ela-batu	Herb	Leaves	Porridge, smoke	Cough, asthma	0.013	1.67	Rheumatism, cough, diarrhea	MNWP-37
	Solanum trilobatum L.	Wel-Thithbatu	Shrub	Leaves	Porridge, salad	Prolonged cough	0.009	1.0	Cough	MNWP-38
Verbenaceae	Lantana camara L.	Gandapana	Shrub	Leaves	Smoke	Fever, cough, asthma	0.009	2.25	Asthma, fever, cough	MNWP-39
	Vitex negundo L.	Nika	Shrub	Leaves	Smoke, paste	Swellings in joints, cough, asthma, fever	0.026	1.92	Rheumatic swellings, headache, catarrh, asthma	MNWP-40
Zingiberaceae	Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.	Araththa	Herb	Rhizome	Infusion	Fever	0.026	1.0	Rheumatism, bronchitis	MNWP-41
	Zingiber officinale Roscoe	Inguru	Herb	Rhizomes	Infusion	Fever, asthma, cough	0.092	1.69	Cold, cough, fever, asthma	MNWP-42
	Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe	Haran-kaha	Herb	Rhizomes	Poultice	Swellings in joints	0.004	1.0	Sprains, dermatitis, wound healing	MNWP-43