Yield, Quality, and Antioxidant Activity of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Bud Oil at the Different Phenological Stages in Young and Mature Trees

Table 3

Physicochemical properties of clove bud oil in different ages and phenological stages.

Test	SNI 06-4267-1996	Age	Phenological stage	Value
Specific gravity 15°	1.04 to 1.07	Young	Budding-3	1.07 ± 0.01
			Full budding	1.07 ± 0.00
			Flowering	1.06 ± 0.00
		Mature	Budding-3	1.05 ± 0.01
			Full budding	1.06 ± 0.01
			Flowering	1.07 ± 0.00
Optical rotation (α D)	−1°35’ to 0°	Young	Budding-3	0°17’ ± 0°85’
			Full budding	0°60’ ± 0°45’
			Flowering	0°83’ ± 0°80’
		Mature	Budding-3	1°63’ ± 1°10’
			Full budding	−0°40’ ± 1°40’
			Flowering	−0°23’ ± 1°08’
Refraction index (nD) 20°	1.529 to 1.537	Young	Budding-3	1.534 ± 0.002
			Full budding	1.534 ± 0.001
			Flowering	1.537 ± 0.000
		Mature	Budding-3	1.535 ± 0.001
			Full budding	1.535 ± 0.001
			Flowering	1.536 ± 0.001
Eugenol (%)	80 to 95	Young	Budding-3	68.05
			Full budding	74.62
			Flowering	81.33
		Mature	Budding-3	71.89
			Full budding	77.62
			Flowering	82.38
Miscibility in 70% ethanol	1 : 2 clear, clear afterwards	Young	Budding-3	1 : 1–1 : 2
			Full budding	1 : 2
			Flowering	1 : 1–1 : 2
		Mature	Budding-3	1 : 1–1 : 2
			Full budding	1 : 2
			Flowering	1 : 2

SNI: Standard Nasional Indonesia (Indonesian National Standard) [9]. The results were average from three replications.