A Collaborative Approach for Monitoring Nodes Behavior during Spectrum Sensing to Mitigate Multiple Attacks in Cognitive Radio Networks

Table 2

Penalty scheme.

Adjustment factor (AF)	Penalty action(s)
	No extra penalty
	P1
	P1 and P2
	P3
	P3 and P4

(i) P1: give a time out for three sensing rounds; (ii) P2: deallocate 50% of the assigned resources to the adversary node; (iii) P3: deallocate all resources and disconnect this adversary node; (iv) P4: mark the adversary node as an undesirable node.