A Secure Incentive Scheme for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks Using Cryptocurrency

Table 4

Comparison of the incentive procedures to perform virtual coin rewarding.

	VANET			VB / Blockchain
	sender	forwarder	receiver
Zhu et al. & Lu et al.	(1) generate a base layer credit	(2) check the validity of the base layer credit; (3) generate and add its endorsed layer credit	(4) check the validity of the layered credits; (5) generate and add its endorsed layer credit; (6) send and request clearance of the credits to VB	(7) check the validity of the all layered credits; (8) check sender’s balance; (9) record amount of coin in forwarder’s account
proposed	(1) publish incentive transaction to blockchain network; (7) publish withdraw transaction to blockchain network	(4) query the validity of the incentive transaction to Bitcoin network; (7) publish redemption transaction to blockchain network	(6) sign forwarder’s redemption transaction	(2), (8) validate the incoming transaction; (5) respond to the transaction query; (3), (9) add the transaction to a blockchain