Design and Analysis of Push Notification-Based Malware on Android

Table 2

Power consumption (J) of backdoor application and ratio (%) of how much of the total power usage is consumed by backdoor application (STD: standard deviation).

	Changed		Not changed
	Pattern	PIN	Pattern	PIN
Avg.	74.597 J	10.393 J	0.043 J	0.050 J
STD	4.493 J	1.944 J	0.056 J	0.050 J
Ratio	10.862%	1.669%	0.007%	0.008%