Research Article
A Secure and Anonymous Two-Factor Authentication Protocol in Multiserver Environment
| | believes , that is, the principal believes the statement is true. |
| | sees , that is, the principal receives a message that contains . |
| | has jurisdiction over , that is, the principal can generates or computes . |
| | said , that is, the principal has sent a message containing . |
| | is fresh, that is, is sent in a message only at the current run of the protocol, it is usually a timestamp or a random number. |
| | is the shared key for and . |
| | is the secret known only to and or some principals trusted by them. |
| | combined with , and usually is a secret. |
| | encrypted with . |
| ā | : the message-meaning rule. | This rule will be used in the proving process. |
| | : the nonce-verification rule. | This rule will be used in the proving process. |
| | : the jurisdiction rule. | This rule will be used in the proving process. |
| | : the freshness-conjuncatenation rule. | This rule will be used in the proving process. |
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