Mobile IPv6 Vertical Handover Specifications, Threats, and Mitigation Methods: A Survey

Table 1

Summary of infrastructure-based security.

Infrastructure-based security	Basic operations	Main strength	Main weakness
CBU [86]	Authenticate an MN and its CoA using a certificate	Public key certificate uses Diffie–Hellman algorithm	It does not address the HoA certificate management
HCBU [103–105]	Trust delegation	Enhancing security against malicious flooding attacks	Signalling overhead
TBU [106]	The ticket is used to assist BU generation	Fully synchronized clocks between the two communication nodes	Open to flooding attacks targeting the CN
ETBU [107]	The address generated using CGA	It minimizes the loss of network traffic	Heavy calculation
SROP [87]	Authentication based on the signature and keyed hash of the message	A security association is also established for the secure connection	Does not fully protect Mobile IPv6 communication from various attacks
RR-IBE [108, 109]	The keys are distributed to all senders simultaneously	The attacks in return routability have been addressed by this method	Introduces a high latency based on the usage of an infrastructure-based PKG
CLPKE [110]	Both the latest location and new location is informed to the HA or CN	Providing less cost of BU messages	This protocol requires trusted third party