Input-Output Example-Guided Data Deobfuscation on Binary

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left" rowspan="2">Tools</td><td class="align_center" rowspan="2">Methods</td><td class="align_center" colspan="5">Candidates</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_center">S1</td><td class="align_center">S2</td><td class="align_center">S3</td><td class="align_center">S4</td><td class="align_center">S5</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left" rowspan="3">OLLVM</td><td class="align_center">Const_to_b100b</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.0689ptpx;"><svg height="12.4959pt" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-2.92051pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.57539 10.0689 12.4959" width="10.0689pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,.013)"><path d="M782 731H740L476 -79H474L280 352L133 274L151 239L242 286L473 -219L782 731Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.0689ptpx;"><svg height="12.4959pt" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-2.92051pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.57539 10.0689 12.4959" width="10.0689pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,.013)"><path d="M782 731H740L476 -79H474L280 352L133 274L151 239L242 286L473 -219L782 731Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">if0_b100w_bitfield_0</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M18" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">vrp07</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M19" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M22" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.0689ptpx;"><svg height="12.4959pt" id="M23" style="vertical-align:-2.92051pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.57539 10.0689 12.4959" width="10.0689pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,.013)"><path d="M782 731H740L476 -79H474L280 352L133 274L151 239L242 286L473 -219L782 731Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left" rowspan="3">Tigress</td><td class="align_center">Const_to_b100b</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M24" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.0689ptpx;"><svg height="12.4959pt" id="M25" style="vertical-align:-2.92051pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.57539 10.0689 12.4959" width="10.0689pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,.013)"><path d="M782 731H740L476 -79H474L280 352L133 274L151 239L242 286L473 -219L782 731Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M26" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.0689ptpx;"><svg height="12.4959pt" id="M27" style="vertical-align:-2.92051pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.57539 10.0689 12.4959" width="10.0689pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,.013)"><path d="M782 731H740L476 -79H474L280 352L133 274L151 239L242 286L473 -219L782 731Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">if0_b100w_bitfield_0</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">vrp07</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 7.75925ptpx;"><svg height="7.35473pt" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-0.3499303pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.0048 7.75925 7.35473" width="7.75925pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="7"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>The results of user study on data obfuscation’s resilience.</div>

Security and Communication Networks

tab1

Table 1

Table 1: Input-Output Example-Guided Data Deobfuscation on Binary 