EX-Action: Automatically Extracting Threat Actions from Cyber Threat Intelligence Report Based on Multimodal Learning

Table 6

Performance comparison of the three methods.

Model	Number	Accuracy (%)	Recall (%)	Precision (%)	F1-score (%)	NMI (%)
TTPDrill	711	54.00	46.93	88.32	61.29	72.86
ActionMiner	1237	75.02	81.65	83.30	82.47	60.90
EX-Action	1246

The bold values represent the maximum values of each metric.