Research Article
Predictors of Increased Daytime Sleepiness in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Demographic and anthropometric data.
| | Variables | Female () | Male () | Total () |
| | Mean age | 64 9 | 66 9 | 65 9 |
| | Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 24 4 | 27 6 | 26 5 |
| | Smoking status | | | | | Never-smokers | 0 | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (1.6%) | | Ex-smokers | 11 (39.3%) | 20 (58.8%) | 31 (50.0%) | | Current smokers | 17 (60.7%) | 13 (38.2%) | 30 (48.4%) | | Pack years | 40 30 | 46 32 | 43 31 |
| | COPD grade | | | | | Grade 1 | 12 (42.9%) | 8 (23.5%) | 20 (32.3%) | | Grade 2 | 14 (50.0%) | 16 (47.1%) | 30 (48.4%) | | Grade 3 | 2 (7.1%) | 6 (17.6%) | 8 (12.9%) | | Grade 4 | 0 | 4 (11.8%) | 4 (6.5%) |
| | COPD risk group | | | | | Risk group A | 11 (39.3%) | 11 (32.4%) | 22 (35.4%) | | Risk group B | 15 (53.6%) | 13 (38.2%) | 28 (45.2%) | | Risk groups C and D | 2 (7.1%) | 10 (29.4%) | 12 (19.4%) |
| | Sleep-related breathing | | | | | Mean AHI | 3.8 4.3 | 8.8 10.5 | 6.6 8.6 | | Pathologic (AHI ≥ 5) | 10 (35.7%) | 21 (61.8%) | 31 (50%) | | Nonpathologic (AHI < 5) | 18 (64.3%) | 13 (38.2%) | 31 (50%) |
| | Daytime sleepiness | | | | | Mean ESS | 6 4 | 6 4 | 6 4 | | Excessive (ESS ≥ 10) | 5 (17.9%) | 6 (17.6%) | 11 (17.7%) | | Normal (ESS < 10) | 23 (82.1%) | 28 (82.4%) | 51 (82.3%) |
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AHI: Apnea Hypopnea Index, BMI: Body Mass Index, COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and OSA: Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
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