Neck Grasp Predicts Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 2
Comparison of for screening tests for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for mild OSA, moderate, and severe OSA.
Mild OSA (AHI 5-14, n= 12)
Screening Test
Sensitivity
Specificity
Positive Predictive Value
Negative Predictive Value
Positive ESAP
55
100
100
18.2
STOP-Bang ≥ 3
87.2
0
89.5
0
Berlin High Risk†
79.5
0
88.6
0
BMI ≥ 35
69.2
75
96.4
20
Positive Neck Circumference§
48.7
100
100
16.7
Moderate OSA (AHI 15-29, n=11)
Positive ESAP
60.7
68.8
77.3
50
STOP-Bang ≥ 3
92.6
18.8
65.8
60
Berlin High Risk
88.9
31.3
68.6
62.5
BMI ≥ 35
74.1
50
71.4
53.3
Positive Neck Circumference
55.6
75
78.9
50
Severe OSA (AHI >30, n=16)
Positive ESAP
62.5
57.1
45.5
72.7
Stop-Bang ≥ 3
93.8
14.8
39.5
80
Berlin High Risk
93.8
25.9
42.9
87.5
BMI ≥ 35
75
40.7
42.9
73.3
Neck Circumference
68.8
70.4
57.9
79.2
A positive ESAP (easy sleep apnea predictor) is defined as the failure to encircle the neck using hand grasp with a 1cm gap between fingers (Figure 1). †High-risk berlin questionnaire is 2 or more positive categories on the screening questionnaire. §A positive neck circumference was >16 inches in females and > 17 inches in males.