Abstract
The increasingly extensive socialization trend has led to the comprehensive innovation of sports. The development of Chinese basketball should be based on the successful experience of the development of professional basketball in the United States. The development of China’s basketball has a solid cultural and mass foundation, but we should not be proud and arrogant. It is necessary to make full use of the critical and inherited attitude to learn and absorb the excellent and advanced knowledge of American basketball culture. At present, there are still some problems that need to be further explored. The purpose of this paper is to research and discuss the cultural differences of basketball between China and the United States and their concepts in basketball teaching based on the background of wireless network intelligence technology. This paper firstly analyzes and introduces the difference between the wireless network and wireless sensor network. The main design goal of traditional wireless networks is to improve service quality and efficiently use bandwidth and then consider energy saving, while the main design goal of sensor networks is to use energy efficiently, which is one of the most important differences between sensor networks and traditional networks, to analyze the differences between Chinese and American basketball cultures, to understand the impact of Chinese and American basketball cultural differences on basketball teaching concepts, and to compare and study the differences between Chinese and American basketball culture and their teaching philosophy in basketball. Using the method of this article, through the analysis of experimental data, we understand the impact of Chinese and American basketball cultural differences on basketball teaching concepts and find that Chinese and American basketball cultural differences play an important role in basketball teaching concepts, with a satisfaction rate of 66%. Through theory and experiments, based on the data, it is analyzed that the impact of the differences between Chinese and American basketball cultures on basketball teaching concepts reaches 50%. The research results show that the differences between Chinese and American basketball cultures play an important role in basketball teaching concepts and can be used to promote the development of basketball culture and skills.
1. Introduction
Today, China’s basketball has a certain foundation and has achieved good results. However, compared with American basketball, there is still a big gap, and China needs continuous efforts to promote the development of Chinese basketball culture. There are great differences between Chinese and western sports cultures in terms of cultural basis, basic model, and value orientation. Chinese and Western sports culture is the two main types of world sports culture [1]. The basic models of Chinese traditional sports culture are health care, skills, and performance, while the basic models of Western sports culture are competition, utilitarianism, and entertainment. The Chinese sports culture is influenced by the ancient Chinese traditional culture, and Confucian culture and is based on the philosophy of “heaven and man are united.” Western sports culture is influenced by the Western Renaissance, the modern industrial revolution, and cultural enlightenment [2, 3]. Chinese sports culture advocates courtesy, tolerance, and peace, while Western sports culture is more targeted, faster, higher, and stronger. Although basketball is a worldwide sport, the connotation of basketball is also different due to the influence of Chinese and Western cultural backgrounds. Chinese ancient culture is vast and profound. Ancient Confucian and Taoist cultures had a significant impact on the emergence and development of Chinese traditional sports culture. In Chinese sports culture, there are static concepts of “mindfulness and foresight” and “mindfulness of inactivity” in the complementary culture of Confucianism and Taoism [4]. Although China’s basketball culture has been formed, it still has certain differences compared with the American basketball culture. Different national cultures form different basketball cultures, which also have different promoting effects on the development of basketball culture.
Basketball entered China earlier, but its development was slow, its promotion was narrow, competition was low, and its overall level was low. After the founding of New China, although Chinese basketball has made a breakthrough in development, the development process of the Chinese professional basketball league CBA is relatively short, and the system is not perfect. The western sports culture is based on the western “sports philosophy” philosophy and attaches importance to sports. Western professional basketball starts early, develops rapidly, spreads widely, and has a high degree of industrialization and commercialization [5, 6]. Stable guarantee conditions are more conducive to the development of players and personnel training. The famous American professional basketball league NBA has a history of more than 100 years, has a complete industrial chain and commercial chain, and a sound operating mechanism. The NCAA has a long history and there is more than one in these areas [7]. In China, most people who like basketball and participate in basketball are students and some young people. In school, basketball is more popular and popular with most students, but once they work, many people give up basketball. The main competition and struggle of western sports culture. Americans believe that the basketball court is a battlefield and a place to show personal value, which is more conducive to the personalized development of players [8]. Westerners hope to cultivate young people’s will and quality through various exercises, making them more tenacious, tenacious, and extremely agile. Americans believe that winning or losing depends on the number of balls in the opponent’s basket. It is a collective sport that promotes the overall development of people. Although basketball training methods are different, their thinking is the same. They all cultivate their feelings and responsibilities through basketball [9, 10].
The differences between Chinese and Western cultures have led to different understandings of basketball between China and the United States. Chinese traditional sports culture emphasizes collectiveness, neglects individuals, emphasizes the responsibility of intermediate subjects, and demands individual rights. The author believes that basketball is a team project and a project that wins honor for the country. He emphasized the cooperation of the entire team. From training to competition, it is relatively rigid, and there is very little fierce competition. Based on western individualism and liberal philosophy, western sports culture pays more attention to individual rights and liberalism. Americans consider the basketball court to be a stage for self-expression, pay attention to the display of personality, and consider the basketball court to be a place to realize self-worth [11]. When they have a chance, they will show their superb skills, followed by the game. They are full of confidence in the game. They often see passionate matches, which brings us an audiovisual feast. Under the influence of Chinese traditional sports culture, Chinese basketball is based on the integration of mind and nature. It is relatively calm and harmonious, with weak physical confrontation and competition awareness and weak performance on the court. Westerners’ cheerful personalities and attitudes towards self-worth have a great influence on them [12]. They have a strong sense of competition and resistance. The physical differences between Chinese and American players are also huge. China and the United States have different talent training systems. Chinese basketball players often abandon their studies early for basketball. From being selected as a young basketball players to becoming gifted basketball players, they have followed an unobstructed path with good treatment and priority, which has ultimately led to the low overall quality of Chinese professional basketball players. With the continuous development of basketball, only athletes with higher cultural quality can better grasp the rules of basketball and better understand basketball tactics, so as to improve their basketball level and extend the basketball life of athletes [13]. Therefore, the training system of Chinese basketball talents is not perfect and needs to be further improved to narrow the gap with the world’s top teams. In the United States, whether it is high school league, college league, or various basketball training camps, there is a complete training plan and selection system. The United States pays attention to the cultivation of the comprehensive qualities of basketball players [14].
This article uses the method of experimental research to understand the impact of Chinese and American basketball cultural differences on basketball teaching concepts, as well as a comparative inquiry before and after the application. Through theoretical analysis and experimental exploration, find out the role of Chinese and American basketball cultural differences in basketball teaching concepts; Process the data through data recording, sorting, calculation, mapping, analysis, and simulation through the statistical data set of the differences between Chinese and American basketball cultures and their basketball teaching concepts. Combined with the data, the empirical analysis of Chinese and American basketball cultural differences is The role of basketball teaching ideas, combined with effective data, summarizes and analyzes the role of the differences between Chinese and American basketball cultures in basketball teaching ideas. The results show that with the method of this paper, the recognition rate reaches 35%, which is faster and 12% faster than others.
The innovations of this paper are that it (1) introduces the difference between wireless network and wireless sensor network; (2) introduces Chinese basketball culture and American basketball culture. (3) analyzes the development of Chinese and American basketball culture; (4) conducts an experimental analysis on the American NBA professional basketball culture and China’s CBA professional basketball culture.
2. Proposed Method
2.1. Difference between Wireless Network and Wireless Sensor Network
In a broad sense, wireless ad hoc networks usually have two organizational forms: infrastructure networks and infrastructure-free networks. The so-called wireless network refers to a network that can realize the interconnection of various communication devices without wiring.
The infrastructure network is a general-purpose, public, packet-switched network supplementary facility that provides a network environment with high security, flexibility, and high-quality services for enterprises and demanding private users. Infrastructure networks, also known as central fabric networks, consist of networks that contain fixed wired gateways. Within the wireless coverage, the mobile host communicates with the base station (fixed wired gateway) and can move during the communication process. When the mobile host leaves the wireless coverage of the original base station, it can establish a connection with another base station and continue to communicate through this base station. In this networking and communication mode, the location of the base station is fixed.
Infrastructure-free networks are also known as wireless mobile ad hoc networks. Among them, no infrastructure network has the following characteristics: independence, distributed characteristics, communication bandwidth, and so on. An infrastructure-free network is a multihop mobility peer-to-peer network composed of dozens to hundreds of nodes, using wireless communication and dynamic networking. Its purpose is to transmit multimedia information flows with quality of service requirements through dynamic routing and mobility management techniques. Nodes usually have a continuous power supply.
Although sensor networks have similarities with wireless ad hoc networks, they also have great differences. A wireless ad hoc network is a multihop mobility peer-to-peer network that is composed of dozens to hundreds of nodes, adopts wireless communication, and is dynamically networked. The sensor network is a network system that integrates monitoring, control, and wireless communication [15, 16]. The number of nodes is larger (thousands or even tens of thousands), and the nodes are more closely distributed; due to environmental impact and energy exhaustion, nodes are more prone to failure. Environmental disturbances and node failures can easily cause changes in network topology; usually, most sensor nodes are stationary. In addition, sensor nodes have limited energy, processing capacity, storage capacity, and communication capacity. The primary design goal of traditional wireless networks is to improve service quality and efficient use of bandwidth and then to consider energy conservation, while the primary design goal of sensor networks is to use energy efficiently, which is one of the most important differences between sensor networks and traditional networks [17, 18]. Wireless sensor network is a distributed sensor network, a wireless network composed of a large number of stationary or moving sensors in a self-organizing and multihop manner to cooperatively sense, collect, process, and transmit the information of the sensed objects in the geographical area covered by the network, and finally send the information to the owner of the network.
2.2. Chinese Basketball Culture
Basketball culture refers to the institutionalized condensation of the way of thinking and behavior of people who watch and participate in basketball. It is a general term for basketball knowledge, skills, customs, and systems.
Due to historical changes in thousands of years in China, ancient Eastern countries have their own civilization and culture and are deeply influenced by Confucianism, family thinking, and Buddhist thinking. Such moral norms are “benefits,” “righteousness,” “ceremony,” “belief,” and the unified view of heaven and human life [19]. Its performance is fair and reasonable, and harmony is nonutilitarian. The formation and thinking mode of thousands of national traditional cultures are formed in the course of historical evolution and will not be easily replaced by foreign cultures. Therefore, Chinese basketball is deeply influenced by Chinese culture, which is mainly reflected in basketball activities and basketball players themselves. In order to innovate and surpass the strong teams, we must absorb and learn from the excellent foreign basketball culture, change the way of thinking, learn from each other, enrich the connotation, and develop in a diversified and modernized direction [20, 21]. Modern basketball has been introduced to China for more than a century. For more than 100 years, basketball has been widely popularized and developed in the world and in China. It has transformed from a simple competitive game in the past to a new cultural carrier integrating political influence, economic productivity, social affinity, and cultural communication.
After basketball entered China, in the process of collision, selection, and fusion of Eastern and Western cultures on Chinese soil, basketball, and its American basketball culture also began to be accepted by Chinese people gradually. The impact of foreign basketball culture on Chinese basketball culture has a certain impact, and there are different forms of inheritance in material and spiritual culture. Constant innovation and integration can stand on the forefront of world basketball. For example, from the perspective of Chinese basketball values, we are mainly concerned with fitness, education, and entertainment functions; in competition, we focus on harmonious and friendly competition concepts; in terms of technology and tactics, we focus on individual cooperation with the overall attack and pay attention to collective cooperation. In the values, the national interest is higher than the collective interest, and the collective interest is higher than the personal interest. In the arena, we are concerned that due to the influence of traditional Chinese culture, athletes are introverted, uninhibited, lacking passion, and kingliness [22].
The national cultural patterns, national psychology, and mode of thinking that have been deposited over the past millennium have made great achievements in the course of history. These achievements cannot easily be replaced by the introduction and collision of foreign cultures. Therefore, the basketball culture derived from the development of Chinese basketball has national traditional characteristics. Reflected in the sports career of basketball and competitive athletes. Those who grew up in the land of China, those who love the splendid culture of the Chinese nation created by their ancestors, cannot get rid of it, nor can it disappear, because it is wealth, spirit, and characteristics [23]. But in order to innovate and catch up, we cannot ignore the absorption and organic integration of foreign excellent basketball culture. In the process of carrying forward the Chinese basketball culture formed by the traditional view of history, it is necessary to change the way of thinking, to get rough and refined, to enrich the connotation, and to develop in the direction of diversification and modernization. Today, China’s basketball culture is inherited in different forms, both spiritually and materially. It has inherited both domestic experience and foreign experience. Without the integration and innovation of the essential concept of basketball and the scientific concept of development, it will be difficult to stand at the forefront of basketball in the world [24, 25]. In terms of basketball values, we usually pay attention to the fitness, education, and psychological training functions of basketball; in competitive games, we focus on the concept of friendship; in sports law, we focus on offensive and defensive balance, and in an orderly game; in tactical guidance, we focus on the spirit of collectivism. In the tactical cooperation, we focus on the overall combination of attacks, and individual tactical actions obey the overall tactical requirements, showing a certain degree of high concentration; in team management, we focus on the intensive management of the overall action; the practice of values emphasizes national interests first; personal interests obey collective interests; we pay attention to traditional customs and nonpersonalized colors in the form and behavior of auxiliary sports events; the image of the logo team of each club; Chinese athletes are introverted and lack passion because they pay attention to adjusting mentality and emotional changes [26].
2.3. American Basketball Culture
Some also cover entire websites and grid equipment, similar to a large cage. Affected by weather conditions, the winter temperature in Massachusetts, USA, is low, and outdoor sports activities that students like cannot be performed, so James Smith Nai put indoor basketball games and improved the game, the suspension frame was initially placed on the ground, about 10 off the ground feet and divided personnel into two teams to launch offensive and defensive confrontations. Then the bottom of the basket was removed and the gondola was mounted on a special post, which basically established the prototype of basketball sports [27, 28].
In the first stage, in the 1890s, there were no competition rules for basketball. There is no limit to the size of the court or the number of participants. Only two peach baskets were hung at the ends of the narrow open space. Because there were no rules at the time and the venue was not standardized, the competition between the two sides was very fierce, so the moves were rude. The second period was a period of gradual improvement and popularity of basketball, around the 1930s and 1940s. At the end of the 1930s, basketball was rapidly popularized and developed in many countries such as Africa, Europe, Asia, and Australia, and the technical level of basketball was also continuously improved. The fighting form gradually changed from singles to cover and auxiliary defense. The third period is the period of popularization and development of basketball, mainly referring to the 1950s and 1960s. During this time, basketball was very popular around the world. With the continuous development and innovation of basketball technology and tactics, the height of players is also increasing, forcing the existing rules, technologies, and tactics to constantly restrict and promote each other. Height has become one of the important factors in modern basketball games. The fourth period is the period of overall promotion of basketball, mainly after the 1970s. During this period, with the development of basketball, the basketball game gradually became a giant game. This phenomenon has promoted the further improvement of basketball tactics and formed an offensive defense-half-court man-to-man defense and mixed defense tactics, showing a new high power system. The fifth stage is the innovation and climbing stage from the 1990s to the present. The performance of modern basketball techniques represented by super basketball players Jordan, Johnson, etc. makes this sport technique more complete, concise, and more practical. In modern basketball, both men and women will develop in the direction of “high,” “smart,” “fast,” “full,” “quasi,” “ruthless,” and “change,” and both technology and tactics will move towards using technology. Different styles and game rules will develop in the new direction of high memory, high business, high appreciation, and high cultural display [29]. Street basketball culture is the most distinctive basketball culture in the United States. There are basketball courts on the street and in the courtyard, and basketball is everywhere.
The reason why the United States is so powerful is that it has a complete training system. The game system for basketball matches from elementary school to professional teams is relatively complete. American children have been playing basketball since the age of six. Middle and primary schools have become an important stage for students’ basic skills training. During the holidays, students will also set up basketball summer camps, which will be guided by professional coaches and outstanding players to improve students’ solid basic skills. At the high school level, their main task was to learn cultural knowledge and technical tactics. With the continuous progress of science and technology, only players with higher cultures can master and learn advanced strategies and tactics for their own use. American basketball culture is inseparable from its own national culture, which is reflected in basketball. Basketball players in the United States see the basketball court as a stage to show their physical fitness, personal capabilities, and basketball talent. From Chamberlain to Jabal and Michael Jordan, they have brought us into the world of basketball and made an indelible contribution to the rapid development of American basketball. The main value of American basketball culture is to lay the foundation for its formation and development, organically combine the material wealth and spiritual wealth created by basketball, and create the brand effect of American basketball.
2.4. Development of Chinese and American Basketball Culture
There are great differences between Chinese and western sports cultures in terms of cultural basis, basic model, and value orientation. Chinese and Western sports culture is the two main types of world sports culture [30, 31]. The basic models of Chinese traditional sports culture are health care, skills, and performance, while the basic models of Western sports culture are competition, utilitarianism, and entertainment. The Chinese sports culture is influenced by the ancient Chinese traditional culture Confucian culture and is based on the philosophy of “heaven and man unite.” Western sports culture is influenced by the Western Renaissance, modern industrial revolution, and cultural enlightenment. Chinese sports culture advocates courtesy, tolerance, and peace, while Western sports culture is more targeted, faster, higher, and stronger. Although basketball is a worldwide sport, it has different connotations due to the influence of Chinese and Western cultural backgrounds.
First, there is a profound difference between the “static view” and the “motion view” in ancient Chinese culture. The ancient Confucian and Taoist cultures had a great influence on the production and development of traditional Chinese sports culture. In the complementary culture of Confucianism and Taoism, there exist static concepts such as “harmony and distance” and “stillness without movement” in Chinese sports culture. Basketball entered China earlier, but its development was slow, its promotion was narrow, the competition was low, and its overall level was low. After the founding of New China, although Chinese basketball has made a breakthrough in development, the development process of the Chinese professional basketball league CBA is relatively short and the system is not perfect. The western sports culture is based on the western “sports philosophy” philosophy and attaches importance to sports. Western professional basketball starts early, develops rapidly, spreads widely, and has a high degree of industrialization and commercialization. Stable guarantee conditions are more conducive to the development of players and personnel training. The famous American professional basketball league NBA has a history of more than 100 years, has a complete industrial chain and commercial chain, and a sound operating mechanism. The NCAA has a long history, and there are more than one in these areas.
Secondly, the difference between “harmony and symmetry” and “struggle” is influenced by the Confucian culture of “use of etiquette and the value of etiquette.” Chinese sports culture is based on the concept of harmonious sports and civilization as the theme of solving people’s health problems. In China, most people who like basketball and participate in basketball are students and some young people. In school, basketball is more popular and popular with most students, but once they work, many people give up basketball. The Chinese consider basketball to be a place of emotional exchange and friendship. The slogan of “friendship first, competition second” severely restricted the athletes’ individuality. The ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus once said: “Struggle is the father of all, war is the boat of all.” The main competition and struggle of Western sports culture. Americans believe that the basketball court is a battlefield and a place to show personal value, which is more conducive to the personalized development of players. Westerners hope to cultivate young people’s will and quality through various exercises, making them more tenacious, tenacious, and extremely agile. Distinguish between “intuitive thinking” and “analytic thinking.” As an important feature of traditional Chinese culture, Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism are proposed, which is conducive to the dynamic grasp of the entire world, but it does not focus on quantitative analysis and inaccurate and rigorous conclusion. Western culture is based on “analytic thinking,” pays attention to quantitative analysis, and draws precise and rigorous conclusions. Two different ways of thinking have led to different concepts of “heavy ball and light people” and “heavy ball and light people” in Chinese and American basketball. Americans believe that winning or losing depends on the number of balls in the opponent’s basket. It is a collective sport that promotes the overall development of people.
Chinese basketball culture is deeply influenced by Chinese traditional culture. The development of Chinese basketball culture needs to establish a symbol of basketball culture representing China so as to expand the international influence of Chinese basketball culture.
3. Experiments
3.1. Research Object
This article mainly takes the comparison of American NBA professional basketball culture and Chinese CBA professional basketball culture as the research object, using sports theory, culture, and sociology as the theoretical basis, and compares and analyzes the current status of Chinese and American professional basketball culture. Through the development model and social culture of basketball culture, through in-depth research of similarities and differences, the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese and American professional basketball culture, and the main characteristics and influencing factors of Chinese professional basketball culture, this article provides theoretical references to promote improvement and sustainable and healthy development. The level of professional basketball in China achieves the cultural level from the sports level.
3.2. Research Methods
(1)Literature method: refer to the literature to understand basketball culture in China and the United States professional basketball culture, strategy, development and management, teaching materials and works, analyze and summarize more in-depth research results, extract new ideas for this article, stimulate new ideas, and find new parameters to enrich the article. Relevant databases come from the data information provided by Weipu Database, China Periodicals Network, China Knowledge Network, Sports Periodical Literature Search Database, NBA official website, and CBA official website.(2)Logical reasoning method: analyze the formation of basketball from the aspects of humanities, society, culture, etc. According to the development of culture, sports, and sociology, use logical principles to analyze the characteristics, influencing factors, and development status of sports reasoning analysis.(3)Comparative research method: This paper mainly uses the collected data and the data of Chinese and American professional basketball culture to find the similarities and differences between national culture and Chinese and American professional basketball culture. Based on a comparative analysis of the above two, further analyze the influencing factors and values of Chinese professional basketball culture so as to provide a theoretical basis and countermeasures for the development of Chinese professional basketball culture.(4)Mathematical statistics: Mathematical statistical processing is performed on the data to be found in this article and the data contained in the content to provide convincing empirical data for the completion of this research.
4. Discussion
4.1. Analysis of Chinese and American Basketball Coaches
4.1.1. Comparison of Academic Qualifications of Chinese and American Basketball Coaches
According to the analysis of statistical data, as shown in Figure 1 and Table 1, the level of education depends on the learning experience of receiving scientific and cultural knowledge training. The coach’s level can reflect whether he can use the knowledge of other disciplines to guide the training of athletes. In the CBA, there are 6 coaches with a bachelor’s degree, accounting for 38% of the total; 10 coaches with a high school degree, accounting for 62% of the total. The number of coaches with junior college, master’s, and doctoral degrees is zero, and the educational structure is unreasonable. The NBA has 28 coaches with a bachelor’s degree, accounting for 93% of the total number, 2 masters, accounting for 7% of the total number, 0 high school, college, and doctoral degree coaches, and a reasonable academic structure. These coaches have a set of scientific training guidance methods and can also use advanced equipment on athletes to improve athletes’ sports skills. Compared with American professional basketball coaches, the gap between Chinese professional basketball coaches and American professional basketball coaches is obvious. To train an excellent team, there must be a professional coach team, and the professional coach team must have a high education. Only in this way can the coaching team have excellent professional quality and technology, rich theoretical knowledge, and scientific training methods, and build a strong team. The coaching team of our professional basketball team needs such a high-level coaching team. On the one hand, it is necessary to improve the educational background of the coach. On the other hand, it is more important to change the training method and system. In the final analysis, this is a change in people’s mindset, not only a change in the mindset of the coach but also a change in the sense of leadership of the supervisor.
4.1.2. Comparison of Coaching Experience between Chinese and American Coaches
According to the statistical data analysis, as shown in Figure 2 and Table 2, by searching for information on the website, the coaching situation of professional basketball coaches in China is sorted out. 37.9% of Chinese professional basketball coaches do not have the experience guidance of former assistant coaches, which has also led to these new coaches not having the experience of leading a team. His experience mainly comes from past thought coaches, his experience in games and some of his books, reading, etc. In addition to his own opinions, it has become a group plan for his team, which is a disadvantage of the team and he lacks experience in controlling the game in the fierce competition process. 60.1% of basketball coaches have the experience of assistant coaches, laying a solid foundation for becoming head coach assistant coaches. Through early learning and guidance, they have the rich practical experience and theoretical foundation. In order to be able to deal with the problems of the team or players in a timely manner when encountering dangers in the future during difficult matches. In order to solve the problem of players or players in future training. The professional basketball coaching team in the United States has 79% of its coaching assistant experience, reflecting the good theoretical and practical foundation of American coaches. I have my own ideas and views on training and games. In terms of years of coaching, 15.7% of Chinese coaches have been coaching for 22 years or more. 10.1% of Chinese coaches coached 12–21 years, 12.3% of American coaches coached 12–21 years. 71.2% of Chinese coaches have coached less than 12 years, and 85.7% of American coaches have coached less than 12 years. There is a big gap between Chinese professional basketball coaches and American professional basketball coaches in various indicators. First of all, the percentage of coaches with assistant coaching experience in China is very low. Compared with the professional coaching business in the United States, there is a big gap. In addition to professional competence, coaching experience is also a very important aspect.
4.2. Analysis of Chinese and American Basketball Culture
4.2.1. Comparison of Chinese and American Basketball Cultures
According to statistical data analysis, as shown in Figure 3, the United States emphasizes independence and individualism by 46%, encourages confrontation by 34% during training, the team has outstanding personal abilities, and the confrontation ability is as strong as 14%. Parents encourage students to participate in exercise for up to 6%. In contrast, China emphasizes independence and individualism by less than 35%, encourages confrontation by 27% during training, the team’s individual ability is outstanding, confrontation is strong by 12%, and parents encourage students to participate in exercise up to 26%. Culture has a profound influence on the formation of a country and its national basketball style. Basketball is not a single sport but a sport that can rise to a cultural level. It requires cultural support. The accumulation and formation of culture take time. Basketball without culture is tantamount to insider information without basketball. This kind of basketball will become a net without vitality and tension. It is easy to be broken. There is no solid at all. In the highly mixed “mixed” culture of the United States, the words “independence” and “individualism” represent the unique basketball culture of the United States, and realizing its value to society is the main purpose of the American thinking model. For example, coaches in the United States encourage athletes to engage in physical contact and confrontation at all stages. They focus on the application and development of physical confrontation exercises. Showing self-competence through confrontation and performance can reflect self-worth, which is very consistent with the concept of competitive sports. Chinese basketball culture has undergone an evolution from tradition to modernity, and its thinking is the golden mean. This traditional way of thinking is as follows: Do not go to extremes and advocate not going on both sides. In addition, the education received by the Chinese from an early age is to take into account both the collective and the country and emphasize the “collective concept” everywhere. Therefore, athletes were cultivated in such an environment during their youth, forming features such as performance methods. During the game, athletes do not particularly advocate fierce confrontation but use speed, flexibility, and cooperation between players to replace some physical contact. To a certain extent, our tactics have achieved the characteristics of “quick” and “clever.” But on the other hand, it also caused bad confrontation for the team. Historically, it has a lot to do with our social system and historical heritage. On the other hand, with the development of China’s economy, the conditions of national families have greatly improved. Children are often the object of parental care and love in the family. This is a normal situation in most families in China. In such an environment, children who grow up in sports are not only vulnerable to giving up but also overprotected by their parents and lack the courage to study hard. In competitive sports, confrontation and physical contact can easily be injured or uncomfortable. At this time, parents often do not understand or encourage them, which has a negative impact on training and a negative impact on the training of young people. Therefore, for basketball culture, China should inherit fine traditions and abandon bad habits. The long-form basketball style and style of play should be appropriately adjusted according to the general trend and direction of the development of the world’s basketball and cannot be static. In addition, countries with high-level basketball development should actively research and summarize, summarize their own needs to improve the success of others, combine their own characteristics and characteristics to absorb the cultures of other countries, and establish the cornerstones of their own basketball characteristics.
4.2.2. Comparison of Chinese and American Basketball Training
According to statistical data analysis, as shown in Figure 4 and Table 3, the training time of American college basketball teams is usually concentrated in the afternoon. According to a survey by basketball teams, their average training time and time are 3.55 hours and 5.2 times, respectively. In addition, the United States has participated in training competitions more often, with a total of 40 times, and China has fewer 14–24. Basketball team training is usually scheduled in the afternoon. Sometimes, in order to prepare for important matches, they also perform a period of concentrated training. The training time and load intensity of American basketball players are significantly higher than those of Chinese college athletes. The training time and time of most basketball players in China are difficult to meet the needs of sports training development. There are many reasons for this. Most high-level athletes have low education levels and have more learning difficulties after entering school. If we only focus on learning, it will affect training, and the contradiction between the two is very prominent. Due to insufficient funds and the inability to deploy high-tech training equipment, most basketball players in China still use traditional experience training methods. It is difficult to make great innovations in traditional training methods. Without scientific training methods, athletes’ technical and tactical levels cannot be improved rapidly. Even if the training takes longer, it can only complete half of the work and even have the opposite effect. This left a group of better-conditioned athletes abandoned. The long-term training plan of basketball players and athletes is not perfect. Many basketball players do not attach importance to regular training and are unexpected when the game is approaching. This is also one of the reasons for the poor sports performance of athletes. Because American basketball players implement a “lenient entry and strict exit” education policy, the academic system is not very strict. In fact, many college athletes are free to extend their four-year school hours, so their education management system can also help alleviate the contradiction between perennial training time and cultural learning. American basketball players attach great importance to the cultivation of athletes’ competitive ability and attach great importance to the connection between training and competition. They see competition as an important part of training. Sports competitions for American college students are quite frequent. In addition to the various levels of the competition organized by the College Student Sports Association, states and even regions often organize high-level leagues, invitational tournaments, and exhibition matches. Check the training level through the competition, enhance the confrontation ability, and enrich the competition experience. Comparing the average number and type of basketball matches between the American basketball team and the Chinese basketball team, there is a large gap between the number of matches between Chinese basketball players “high-level basketball teams and the Chinese and American basketball players” basketball culture. Too little competition is also one of the main reasons affecting the training level of basketball players. No matter how good the sports technique is in normal training, it is worthless to test it without participating in the game. The skills we usually master can only be consolidated and improved if they are used in competitions. Lack of school funding is another reason for lack of competition. Secondly, basketball players’ basketball levels are uneven, and the comparability among basketball players is poor. Some high-level colleges and universities have no competitors in the province and do not have sufficient funds to carry out activities outside the province. In the long run, it is difficult to improve their technical and tactical levels. Therefore, we must increase the number and time of matches for high-level basketball team of basketball players, strengthen cultural propaganda in China, training and games are closely linked, and we must promote the improvement of high-level basketball training levels for basketball players.
5. Conclusions
(1)The training methods of Chinese and American basketball players are quite different. The traditional training of basketball players in China is based on the training of professional sports teams under the national system. Although this kind of training mode has cultivated a group of outstanding basketball players in a short time, it has also caused a series of problems. In this way, the separation of the sports system from the education system, excessive emphasis on sports training, and neglect of cultural courses have prevented athletes from all-around development. In recent years, although new training methods such as combining sports and education, socialization, and professionalism have begun to emerge in China, their development is not mature enough. Generally speaking, traditional professional sports teams still dominate the training model of basketball players in China. The basic training method of American basketball players is to combine sports with sports. In the United States, a mature and systematic training model combining sports and education has been formed.(2)There are large differences in the management systems of the basketball leagues between the two countries. The management system of the American Basketball Club is self-management, self-restraint, and self-motivation. The management system of Chinese basketball clubs is “common ownership of sports enterprises” and “personal ownership,” but there is no independent management.(3)There are some differences between the two countries in terms of basketball player training, basketball team, and basketball team coaching. The United States has a systematic basketball player training model, which has a good foundation in terms of cultural quality. However, the training of basketball players in China is relatively singular, and the cultural quality is relatively weak. Basketball players and coaches are mainly managed in the United States through laws, and in China, they are mainly managed through administrative means. The management of the American basketball team is mainly loose, and the management of the Chinese basketball team is highly unified.However, due to the limitation of time and technology, we have not conducted in-depth research on the application of wireless sensor networks in basketball culture, and we will conduct more in-depth research and discussion in the future.
Data Availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declares no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.