Long-Term Outcomes of Sacrococcygeal Germ Cell Tumors in Infancy and Childhood

Table 4

Malignant sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors and results of the treatment.

Patient/gender/age at operation	Altman’s; type	Initial operation	AFP level (ng/mL) Histology	Initial staging	Adjuvant therapy	Second operation	Outcomes
Mature teratoma (MT) and recurrence with endodermal sinus tumor (EST)
1 F; 3.5 y; (at the recurrence)	IV	Tumor biopsy	2,000; EST	IV; (lung metastasis)	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	None	6-year FU; Survival-NED
Malignant teratoma
1 F; 2.1 y	II	Total resection + coccygectomy	20,000; MT + EST	I	Chemotherapy	None	3-year FU; Survival-NED
2 F; 1.2 y	IV	Tumor biopsy	2,000; MT + EST	III	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Total resection + coccygectomy	8-year FU; Survival-NED
3 M; 9 m	IV	Partial resection + coccygectomy	43,430; MT + EST	III	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Total resection	8-year FU; Survival- NED
4 F; 1.5 m	II	Partial resection + coccygectomy	6,985; MT + EST	III	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	None	10-year FU; Survival-NED
5 F; 1.2 y	IV	Tumor biopsy	60,500; MT + EST	III	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Total resection + coccygectomy	7-year FU; Survival-NED
6 M; 3 y	III	Tumor biopsy	60,000; IMT grade 3 + EST	IV; (lung metastasis)	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	None	Lung metastasis Death at home after one year treatment
Endodermal sinus tumor
1 F; 1.5 y	III	Partial resection + coccygectomy	20,000; EST	III	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	None	Lung metastasis; Death at home after; 2-year treatment
2 F; 1.1 y	III	Tumor biopsy	58,704; EST	III	Chemotherapy	Total resection + coccygectomy	Lung and brain metastases; Death at home after; 2-year treatment
3 F; 2.3 y	IV	Tumor biopsy	34,144; EST	IV; (lung metastasis)	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Total resection + coccygectomy	2-year FU; Survival-NED
4 M; 1.3 y	IV	Tumor biopsy	2,207; EST	III	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Total resection + coccygectomy	3-year FU; Survival-NED
5 F; 1.8 y	IV	Tumor biopsy	51,250; EST	IV; (lung metastasis)	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Laparotomy, colostomy, and cystostomy	Lung, long bone,and vertebral metastases Death at home after; 10-month treatment
6 F; 3.2 y	IV	Tumor biopsy	30,763; EST	IV; (vertebral metastasis)	Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	Laparotomy, partial resection, and coccygectomy	3-year FU; Survival-NED

NED: no evidence of disease; IMT: immature teratoma.